NOTE 1 – ORGANIZATION AND SUMMARY OF SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES

The Company

Polar Power, Inc. was incorporated in the State of Washington as Polar Products, Inc. and in 1991 reincorporated in the State of California under the name Polar Power, Inc. In December 2016, Polar Power, Inc. reincorporated in the State of Delaware (the “Company”). The Company designs, manufactures and sells direct current, or DC, power systems to supply reliable and low-cost energy to off-grid, bad-grid and backup power applications. The Company’s products integrate DC generator and proprietary automated controls, lithium batteries and solar systems to provide low operating cost and lower emissions alternative power needs in telecommunications, defense, automotive and industrial markets.

Going Concern

The Company’s financial statements have been prepared on the going concern basis, which presumes the Company will continue realization of its assets and settlement of its liabilities in the normal course of operations. The application of the going concern basis is dependent upon the Company achieving profitable operations to generate sufficient cash flows to fund continued operations, or, in the absence of adequate cash flows from operations, obtaining additional financing. The Company has reported losses from operations for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2020, the years ended December 31, 2019 and 2018 and used cash in operating activities during the nine months ended September 30, 2020. Its U.S. telecommunications customers, which represented 95% of the Company’s net sales as of December 31, 2019, and 99% and 97% for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2020, respectively, have postponed shipments and orders to prioritize expansion of 5G and cell site edge computing networks. In March 2020, the World Health Organization declared the coronavirus of 2019 (“COVID-19”) a global pandemic. This contagious disease pandemic, which has continued to spread, and any related adverse public health developments, has adversely affected workforces, economies, and financial markets globally, and has resulted in an economic downturn. It is not possible for the Company to predict the duration or magnitude of the adverse results of the pandemic and its effects on the Company’s business or ability to raise funds. These factors raise substantial doubt regarding the Company’s ability to continue as a going concern within one year from the issue date of the Company’s financial statements.

In addition, the Company’s independent registered public accounting firm, in its report on the Company’s December 31, 2019 financial statements, has expressed substantial doubt about the Company’s ability to continue as a going concern. The financial statements do not include any adjustments that might result from the outcome of this uncertainty.

At September 30, 2020, the Company had cash on hand in the amount of $2,071. During the nine months ended September 30, 2020, the Company received proceeds of $1,715 pursuant to the Paycheck Protection Program (see Note 5), proceeds of $2,812 from the issuance of common stock (See Note 6), and proceeds of $861 from the exercise of warrants (See Note 8). The Company’s management estimates, as of the date of this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q, that the current funds on hand will be sufficient to continue operations through March 31, 2021. The continuation of the Company as a going concern is dependent upon its ability to obtain necessary debt or equity financing to continue operations until it begins generating positive cash flow. No assurance can be given that any future financing will be available or, if available, that it will be on terms that are satisfactory to the Company. Even if the Company is able to obtain additional financing, it may contain undue restrictions on its operations, in the case of debt financing or cause substantial dilution for its stockholders, in case or equity financing. Management continues to review operations in order to identify additional strategies designed to generate cash flow, improve the Company’s financial position, and enable the timely discharge of the Company’s obligations. If management is unable to identify sources of additional cash flow in the short term, it may be required to further reduce or limit operations.

Impact of COVID-19

The Company continues to monitor the rapidly evolving situation and guidance from international and domestic authorities, including federal, state and local public health authorities and it may need to make changes to its business based on their recommendations. COVID-19, has had and is likely to continue to have, a material and substantial adverse impact on the Company’s results of operations including, among others, a decrease in the Company’s sales, delays in sourcing of raw materials from suppliers which, in turn, has raised liquidity concerns. In addition, the Company’s inventory reserve increased during the first nine months of 2020 due to current uncertainties regarding specific product shipments. The Company’s business is directly dependent upon, and correlates closely with, the marketing levels and ongoing business activities of its existing customers and suppliers. In the event of a continued widespread economic downturn caused by COVID-19, the Company will likely experience a further reduction in current projects, longer sales and collection cycles, deferral or delay of purchase commitments for our DC power systems, a reduction in its manufacturing functionality, higher than normal inventory levels, a reduction in the availability of qualified labor, and increased price competition, all of which could substantially adversely affect its net revenues and its ability to remain a going concern.

In the event the Company remains a going concern, the impacts of COVID-19 on its business, sources of revenues and the general economy, are currently not fully known. The Company is conducting business as usual with some modifications to employee work locations, and cancellation of certain marketing events, among other modifications. As a result of the Company’s declining revenues during the COVID-19 pandemic, the Company’s management team implemented a cost reduction program to reduce overhead. The Company lowered operation expenses, while still keeping the business operational and ready to expand when needed. The Company will continue to actively monitor the situation and may take further actions that may alter its business operations as may be required by federal, state or local authorities or that the Company determines are in the best interests of its employees, customers, partners, suppliers and stockholders. It is not clear what the potential effects any such alterations or modifications may have on the Company’s business, including the effects on its customers and prospects, although the Company does anticipate it to negatively impact its financial results during fiscal year 2020 and perhaps beyond.

During November 2020, two leaders in the pharmaceutical industry released news of achieving over 90% effectiveness on their COVID-19 vaccines. We remain hopeful that this is the beginning of taking control over the COVID-19 pandemic and seeing economic conditions gradually improve in 2021. Control over COVID-19 will improve our ability to travel for purpose of training our sales staff and customers, commissioning of generators, and promoting the rollout of our new products to enhance our efforts for customer diversification. We expect to see significant improvements to labor and manufacturing efficiencies and a reduction in delays in the supply chain. In addition, we believe our investments during the last two years in facilities, state-of-the-art manufacturing equipment, and training of our staff place us in good position to achieve significant improvements in our financial position as opportunities arise and the negative impact of COVID-19 is reduced.

Basis of Presentation of Unaudited Financial Information

The unaudited condensed financial statements of the Company for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2020 and 2019 have been prepared in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America (“GAAP”) for interim financial information and pursuant to the requirements for reporting on Form 10-Q and Regulation S-K for scaled disclosures for smaller reporting companies. Accordingly, they do not include all the information and footnotes required by GAAP for complete financial statements. However, such information reflects all adjustments (consisting solely of normal recurring adjustments), which are, in the opinion of management, necessary for the fair presentation of the Company’s financial position and results of operations. Results shown for interim periods are not necessarily indicative of the results to be obtained for a full fiscal year. The balance sheet information as of December 31, 2019 was derived from the audited financial statements included in the Company’s financial statements as of and for the years ended December 31, 2019 and 2018 contained in the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission, or the SEC, on May 14, 2020. These financial statements should be read in conjunction with that report.

Estimates

The preparation of financial statements in conformity with GAAP requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities and disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities at the date of the financial statements and the reported amounts of revenue and expenses during the reporting period. Material estimates relate to the assumptions made in determining reserves for uncollectible receivables, inventory reserves and returns, impairment analysis of long-term assets, valuation allowance on deferred tax assets, income tax accruals, accruals for potential liabilities and warrant reserves and assumptions made in valuing equity instruments issued for services. Actual results may differ from those estimates.

Revenue Recognition

The Company recognizes revenue in accordance with Accounting Standards Codification (“ASC”) 606, Revenue from Contracts with Customers. The underlying principle of ASC 606 is to recognize revenue to depict the transfer of goods or services to customers at the amount expected to be collected. ASC 606 creates a five-step model that requires entities to exercise judgment when considering the terms of contract(s), which includes (1) identifying the contract(s) or agreement(s) with a customer, (2) identifying our performance obligations in the contract or agreement, (3) determining the transaction price, (4) allocating the transaction price to the separate performance obligations, and (5) recognizing revenue as each performance obligation is satisfied. Under ASC 606, revenue is recognized when performance obligations under the terms of a contract are satisfied, which occurs for us upon shipment or delivery of products or services to our customers based on written sales terms, which is also when control is transferred. Revenue is measured as the amount of consideration we expect to receive in exchange for transferring the products or services to a customer.

We determine whether delivery has occurred based on when title transfers and the risks and rewards of ownership have transferred to the customer, which usually occurs when we place the product with the customer’s carrier or deliver the product to a customer’s location. We regularly review our customers’ financial positions to ensure that collectability is reasonably assured.

We recognize revenues from rental equipment on a straight-line basis over the rental period. Our rental contracts are fixed price contracts for fixed durations of time and include freight and delivery charges. Our rental revenues have not been significant to date and accounted for less than one percent of our total revenues for the three and nine months Ended September 30, 2020 and 2019.

Disaggregation of Net Sales

The following table shows the Company’s disaggregated net sales by product type:

The following table shows the Company’s disaggregated net sales by customer type:

Inventories

Inventories consist of raw materials and finished goods and are stated at the lower of cost or net realizable value. If the estimated net realizable value is determined to be less than the recorded cost of the inventory, a provision is made to reduce the carrying amount of the inventory item to the lower net realizable value determination. Determination of the net realizable value may be complex, and therefore, requires management to make assumptions and to apply a high degree of judgment. In order for management to make the appropriate determination of net realizable value, the following items are commonly considered: inventory turnover statistics, inventory quantities on hand in our facilities and customer inventories, unfilled customer order quantities, forecasted consumer demand, current prices, competitive pricing, seasonality factors, consumer trends and performance of similar products or accessories. Subsequent changes in facts or circumstances do not result in the reversal of previously recorded write-downs. As of December 31, 2019, the Company established inventory reserves of $600 for obsolete and slow-moving inventory. During the three and nine months ended September 30, 2020, due to lower than expected demand and sales of our products, we increased our inventory reserve by $2,400 to reduce the remaining inventory of our products to its estimated net realizable value of $11,380 as of September 30, 2020. If actual future demand or market conditions are less favorable than those projected by management, additional inventory write-downs may be required. As of September 30, 2020 and December 31, 2019, the components of inventories were as follows:

Product Warranties

The Company provides limited warranties for parts and labor at no cost to its customers within a specified time period after the sale. The warranty terms are typically from one to five years. The Company’s warranties are of an assurance-type and come standard with all Company products to cover repair or replacement should product not perform as expected. Provisions for estimated expenses related to product warranties are made at the time products are sold. These estimates are established using historical information about the nature, frequency and average cost of warranty claim settlements as well as product manufacturing and recovery from suppliers. Management actively studies trends of warranty claims and takes action to improve product quality and minimize warranty costs. The Company estimates the actual historical warranty claims coupled with an analysis of unfulfilled claims to record a liability for specific warranty purposes. The Company’s product warranty obligations are included in other accrued liabilities in the balance sheets. As of September 30, 2020 and December 31, 2019, the Company had accrued a liability for warranty reserve of $375 and $375, respectively. Management believes that the warranty accrual is appropriate; however, actual claims incurred could differ from original estimates, requiring adjustments to the accrual. The product warranty accrual is included in current liabilities in the accompanying balance sheets.

The following is a tabular reconciliation of the product warranty liability, excluding the deferred revenue related to the Company’s warranty coverage:

Financial Assets and Liabilities Measured at Fair Value

The Company uses various inputs in determining the fair value of its investments and measures these assets on a recurring basis. Financial assets recorded at fair value in the balance sheets are categorized by the level of objectivity associated with the inputs used to measure their fair value.

Authoritative guidance provided by the Financial Accounting Standards Board (“FASB”) defines the following levels directly related to the amount of subjectivity associated with the inputs to fair valuation of these financial assets:

The carrying amounts of financial assets and liabilities, such as cash and cash equivalents, accounts receivable and accounts payable, approximate their fair values because of the short maturity of these instruments. The carrying values of the line of credit, notes payable approximate their fair values due to the fact that the interest rates on these obligations are based on prevailing market interest rates.

Segments

The Company operates in one segment for the manufacture and distribution of its products. In accordance with the “Segment Reporting” Topic of the ASC, the Company’s chief operating decision maker has been identified as the Chief Executive Officer and President, who reviews operating results to make decisions about allocating resources and assessing performance for the entire Company. Existing guidance, which is based on a management approach to segment reporting, establishes requirements to report selected segment information quarterly and to report annually entity-wide disclosures about products and services, major customers, and the countries in which the entity holds material assets and reports revenue. All material operating units qualify for aggregation under “Segment Reporting” due to their similar customer base and similarities in: economic characteristics; nature of products and services; and procurement, manufacturing and distribution processes. Since the Company operates in one segment, all financial information required by “Segment Reporting” can be found in the accompanying financial statements.

Concentrations

Cash. The Company maintains cash balances at three banks, with the majority held at one bank located in the U.S. At times, the amount on deposit exceeds the federally insured limits. Management believes that the financial institutions that hold the Company’s cash are financially sound and, accordingly, minimal credit risk exists.

Cash denominated in Australian Dollars with a U.S. Dollar equivalent of $11 and $17 at September 30, 2020 and December 31, 2019, respectively, was held in an account at a financial institution located in Australia. Cash denominated in Romanian Leu with a U.S. Dollar equivalent of $29 and $4 at September 30, 2020 and December 31, 2019, respectively, was held in an account at a financial institution located in Romania.

Revenues. For the three months ended September 30, 2020, 41% and 27% of revenues were generated from the Company’s two largest customers, one being a Tier-1 telecommunications wireless carrier. For the same period in 2019, 84% and 7.5% of revenues were generated from the Company’s two largest customers, both being Tier-1 telecommunications wireless carriers. For the three months ended September 30, 2020 and September 30, 2019, sales to telecommunications customers accounted for 99% and 97% of total revenues, respectively.

For the nine months Ended September 30, 2020, sales to the Company’s two largest customers accounted for 57% and 13% of total revenues, one being a Tier-1 telecommunications wireless carrier. For the same period in 2019, the Company’s two largest customers accounted for 84% and 24% of total revenues, both beingTier-1 telecommunications wireless carriers. For the nine months ended September 30, 2020 and September 30, 2019, sales to telecommunications customers accounted for 96% and 96% of total revenues, respectively.

Accounts receivable. At September 30, 2020, 58% and 29% of the Company’s accounts receivable were from the Company’s two largest customers. At December 31, 2019, 70% and 20% of the Company’s accounts receivable were from the Company’s two largest customers.

Accounts payable. At September 30, 2020, accounts payable to the Company’s largest vendor represented 14% while the other two largest vendors represented 11% and 10%, respectively. At December 31, 2019, accounts payable to the Company’s largest vendor represented 11% while the other two largest vendors represented 10% each.

Net Income (Loss) Per Share

Basic net income (loss) per share is computed by dividing net income (loss) by the weighted average number of common shares outstanding for the period. Diluted earnings per share is computed by dividing the net income applicable to common stockholders by the weighted average number of common shares outstanding plus the number of additional common shares that would have been outstanding if all dilutive potential common shares had been issued using the treasury stock method. Potential common shares are excluded from the computation when their effect is antidilutive. The dilutive effect of potentially dilutive securities is reflected in diluted net income per share if the exercise prices were lower than the average fair market value of common shares during the reporting period.

The following potentially dilutive shares were excluded from the shares used to calculate diluted earnings per share as their inclusion would be anti-dilutive:

Recent Accounting Pronouncements

In September 2016, the FASB issued ASU No. 2016-13, Credit Losses - Measurement of Credit Losses on Financial Instruments (“ASC 326”). The standard significantly changes how entities will measure credit losses for most financial assets, including accounts and notes receivables. The standard will replace today’s “incurred loss” approach with an “expected loss” model, under which companies will recognize allowances based on expected rather than incurred losses. Entities will apply the standard’s provisions as a cumulative-effect adjustment to retained earnings as of the beginning of the first reporting period in which the guidance is effective. The standard is effective for interim and annual reporting periods beginning after December 15, 2022. The adoption of ASU 2016-13 is not expected to have a material impact on the Company’s financial position, results of operations, and cash flows.

The Company’s management does not believe that there are other recently issued but not yet effective authoritative guidance, if currently adopted, would have a material impact on the Company’s financial statement presentation or disclosures.