Polar Power, Inc. Quarterly report pursuant to Section 13 or 15(d)

Quarterly report pursuant to Section 13 or 15(d)

ORGANIZATION AND SUMMARY OF SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES (Policies)

ORGANIZATION AND SUMMARY OF SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES (Policies)

9 Months Ended

Sep. 30, 2023

Organization, Consolidation and Presentation of Financial Statements [Abstract]

The Company

Polar Power, Inc. was incorporated in the State of Washington as Polar Products, Inc. and in 1991 reincorporated in the State of California under the name Polar Power, Inc. In December 2016, Polar Power, Inc. reincorporated in the State of Delaware (the “Company”, “we” or “us”). The Company designs, manufactures and sells direct current, or DC, power systems to supply reliable and low-cost energy to off-grid, bad-grid and backup power, electric vehicle (“EV”) charging, and nano-grid applications. The Company’s products integrate DC generator, proprietary electronic control systems, lithium batteries and solar photovoltaic (“PV”) technologies to provide low operating cost and emissions for telecommunications, defense, automotive, nano-grid, EV charging and industrial markets.

Liquidity

Liquidity

The accompanying financial statements have been prepared under the assumption that the Company will continue as a going concern. For the nine months ended September 30, 2023, the Company recorded a net loss of $3,393 and used cash in operations of $3,084. The Company’s management evaluated whether there are conditions or events considered in the aggregate, that raise substantial doubt about the Company’s ability to continue as a going concern within one year after the date the financial statements are issued.

Notwithstanding the net loss for the nine-month period ended September 30, 2023, management concluded that the Company will have adequate cash flow from operations and available line of credit in 2023 and 2024 so that it is probable that the Company will be able to fund its current operating plan and satisfy its liquidity requirements within one year from the date the Company’s September 30, 2023 financial statements are issued.

As of September 30, 2023, the Company had a cash balance of $296, with borrowing capacity of $119, stockholders’ equity of $14,788, and working capital of $13,316. The long-term continuation of the Company’s business plan is dependent upon the generation of sufficient revenues from its products to offset expenses. In the event that the Company does not generate sufficient cash flows from operations and is unable to obtain funding, the Company will be forced to delay, reduce, or eliminate some or all of its discretionary spending, which could adversely affect the Company’s business prospects, ability to meet long-term liquidity needs or ability to continue operations.

Impact of COVID-19 and Inflation

Impact of COVID-19 and Inflation

COVID-19. The COVID-19 pandemic has negatively impacted business and industries all over the world since March 2020. The pandemic has had a significant negative impact on our overall operations including revenues, productivity, gross margins and liquidity. The pandemic has resulted in labor shortages, disruptions in the chain of supply, and higher material costs. During the three and nine months ended September 30, 2023, supply chain constraints that affected timely delivery of raw materials required to complete our DC power systems negatively affected our manufacturing productivity levels. Labor shortages resulted in excess overtime for the existing labor force and a reduction in engineering projects. We believe that Covid-19 will be an ongoing challenge for years to come and to adapt will require us to further globalize our vendors, engineering, and customers.

Inflation. The continuing impact of the COVID-19 pandemic, higher inflation, the actions by the Federal Reserve to address inflation, most notably sustained increases in interest rates, and rising energy prices create uncertainty about the future economic environment which will continue to evolve and, we believe, has impacted the Company’s business in 2022 and may continue to impact its business in 2023. The implications of higher government deficits and debt, tighter monetary policy, and potentially higher long-term interest rates may drive a higher cost of capital for the business and an increase in the Company’s operating expenses.

Basis of Presentation of Unaudited Financial Information

Basis of Presentation of Unaudited Financial Information

The unaudited condensed financial statements of the Company for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2023 and 2022 have been prepared in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the U.S. (“GAAP”) for interim financial information and pursuant to the requirements for reporting on Form 10-Q and Regulation S-K for scaled disclosures for smaller reporting companies. Accordingly, they do not include all the information and footnotes required by GAAP for complete financial statements. However, such information reflects all adjustments (consisting solely of normal recurring adjustments), which are, in the opinion of management, necessary for the fair presentation of the Company’s financial position and results of operations. Results shown for interim periods are not necessarily indicative of the results to be obtained for a full fiscal year. The balance sheet information as of December 31, 2022 was derived from the audited financial statements included in the Company’s financial statements as of and for the years ended December 31, 2022 and 2021 contained in the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission, or the SEC, on March 31, 2023. These financial statements should be read in conjunction with that report.

In accordance with the “Segment Reporting” Topic of the Accounting Standards Codification, the Company’s chief operating decision maker (the Company’s Chief Executive Officer) determined that the Company has only one reporting unit.

Estimates

Estimates

The preparation of financial statements in conformity with GAAP requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities and disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities at the date of the financial statements and the reported amounts of revenue and expenses during the reporting period. Material estimates relate to the assumptions made in determining reserves for uncollectible receivables, inventory net realizable value, impairment analysis of long-term assets, valuation allowance on deferred tax assets, accruals for potential liabilities, accruals for warranty reserves, assumptions made in valuing equity instruments issued for services, and assumptions used in the determination of the Company’s liquidity. Actual results may differ from those estimates.

Revenue Recognition

Revenue Recognition

The Company recognizes revenue in accordance with Accounting Standards Codification (“ASC”) 606, Revenue from Contracts with Customers (“ASC 606”).

Substantially all of the Company’s revenue is derived from product sales. Product revenue is recognized when performance obligations under the terms of a contract are satisfied, which occurs for the Company upon shipment or delivery of products or services to its customers based on written sales terms, which is also when control is transferred. Revenue is measured as the amount of consideration the Company expects to receive in exchange for transferring the products or services to a customer. The Company determines whether delivery has occurred based on when title transfers and the risks and rewards of ownership have transferred to the customer, which usually occurs when the Company places the product with the customer’s carrier or delivers the product to a customer’s location. The Company regularly reviews its customers’ financial positions to ensure that collectability is reasonably assured.

The Company also recognizes revenues from engineering services, technical support, and sale of accessories that support the Company’s direct current, or DC, power systems, and from the rental of equipment. Revenue is recognized when transfer of control to the customer has been made and the Company’s performance obligation has been fulfilled. The Company’s revenue from engineering services, technical support services, and product accessories are clearly defined in each transaction with its customers and have not been significant to date.

Disaggregation of Net Sales

The following table shows the Company’s disaggregated net sales by product type:

SCHEDULE OF DISAGGREGATED NET SALES

	2023		2022
	Three months ended September 30,
	2023		2022
	(Unaudited)		(Unaudited)
DC power systems	$	1,611	$	1,659
Engineering & Tech Support Services		200		28
Accessories		100		20
Total net sales	$	1,911	$	1,707

	2023		2022
	Nine months ended September 30,
	2023		2022
	(Unaudited)		(Unaudited)
DC power systems	$	11,131	$	9,474
Engineering & Tech Support Services		254		105
Accessories		303		111
Total net sales	$	11,688	$	9,690

The following table shows the Company’s disaggregated net sales by customer type:

	2023		2022
	Three months ended September 30,
	2023		2022
	(Unaudited)		(Unaudited)
Telecom	$	1,827	$	1,538
Government/Military		2		2
Marine		60		140
Other (backup DC power to various industries)		22		27
Total net sales	$	1,911	$	1,707

	2023		2022
	Nine months ended September 30,
	2023		2022
	(Unaudited)		(Unaudited)
Telecommunications	$	11,222	$	9,435
Government/Military		330		31
Marine		88		157
Other (backup DC power to various industries)		48		67
Total net sales	$	11,688	$	9,690

The following tables shows the Company’s net sales by the respective geographical regions of our customers:

	2023		2022
	Three months ended
	September 30,
	2023		2022
	(Unaudited)		(Unaudited)
United States	$	1,883	$	1,590
Canada		16		35
South Pacific Islands		8		—
Other Asia Pacific		4		—
Europe and Middle East		—		82
Total net sales	$	1,911	$	1,707

	2023		2022
	Nine months ended
	September 30,
	2023		2022
	(Unaudited)		(Unaudited)
United States	$	8,894	$	9,460
Canada		178		49
South Pacific Islands		2,582		49
Japan		—		10
Other Asia Pacific		8		24
Europe and Middle East		—		98
Africa		26		—
Total net sales	$	11,688	$	9,690

For the three-months ended September 30, 2023 and 2022, international sales totaled $28 and $117 respectively. For the nine-months ended September 30, 2023 and 2022, international sales totaled $2,794 and $230 respectively.

Inventories

Inventories

As of September 30, 2023 and December 31, 2022, inventories consisted of the following:

SCHEDULE OF INVENTORIES NET

	September 30, 2023		December 31,
	(unaudited)		2022

Raw materials	$	15,580	$	12,277
Finished goods		3,575		3,183
Total Inventories	$	19,155	$	15,460

Inventories are stated at the lower of cost or net realizable value, with cost determined on a first-in, first-out (“FIFO”) basis. For the nine-months ended September 30, 2023 and 2022, there were no write-downs of inventory.

Product Warranties

Product Warranties

The Company provides limited warranties for parts and labor at no cost to its customers within a specified time period after the sale. As of September 30, 2023 and December 31, 2022, the Company had accrued a liability for warranty reserve of $600 and $600, respectively, which are included in other accrued liabilities in the accompanying condensed balance sheets. The following is a tabular reconciliation of the product warranty liability, excluding the deferred revenue related to the Company’s warranty coverage:

Changes in estimates for warranties	September 30, 2023 (unaudited)			December 31, 2022
Balance at beginning of the period	$	600		$	600
Payments		(384	)		(508	)
Provision for warranties		384			508
Balance at end of the period	$	600		$	600

Stock-Based Compensation

Stock-Based Compensation

The Company periodically issues stock-based compensation to officers, directors, and consultants for services rendered. Such issuances vest and expire according to terms established at the issuance date.

Stock-based payments to employees, directors, and for acquiring goods and services from nonemployees, which include grants of employee stock options, are recognized in the financial statements based on their grant date fair values in accordance with ASC 718, Compensation-Stock Compensation. Stock option grants to employees, which are generally time vested, are measured at the grant date fair value and depending on the conditions associated with the vesting of the award, compensation cost is recognized on a straight-line or graded basis over the vesting period. Recognition of compensation expense for non-employees is in the same period and manner as if the Company had paid cash for the services. The fair value of stock options granted is estimated using the Black-Scholes option-pricing model, which uses certain assumptions related to risk-free interest rates, expected volatility, expected life, and future dividends. The assumptions used in the Black-Scholes option pricing model could materially affect compensation expense recorded in future periods.

Financial Assets and Liabilities Measured at Fair Value

Financial Assets and Liabilities Measured at Fair Value

The Company uses various inputs in determining the fair value of its investments and measures these assets on a recurring basis. Financial assets recorded at fair value in the balance sheets are categorized by the level of objectivity associated with the inputs used to measure their fair value.

Authoritative guidance provided by the Financial Accounting Standards Board (“FASB”) defines the following levels directly related to the amount of subjectivity associated with the inputs to fair valuation of these financial assets:

	Level 1	Quoted prices in active markets for identical assets or liabilities.

	Level 2	Inputs, other than the quoted prices in active markets, that is observable either directly or indirectly.

	Level 3	Unobservable inputs based on the Company’s assumptions.

The carrying amounts of certain financial assets and liabilities, such as cash and cash equivalents, accounts receivable and accounts payable, approximate their fair values because of the short maturity of these instruments. The carrying values of the line of credit and notes payable approximate their fair values since the interest rates on these obligations are based on prevailing market interest rates.

Concentrations

Concentrations

Cash. The Company maintains cash balances at four banks, with the majority held at one bank located in the U.S. At times, the amount on deposit exceeds the federally insured limits. Management believes that the financial institutions that hold the Company’s cash are financially sound and, accordingly, minimal credit risk exists.

Cash denominated in Australian Dollars with a U.S. Dollar equivalent of $14 and $8 at September 30, 2023 and December 31, 2022, respectively, was held in an account at a financial institution located in Australia. Cash denominated in Romanian Leu with a U.S. Dollar equivalent of $1 and $23 at September 30, 2023 and December 31, 2022, respectively, was held in an account at a financial institution located in Romania.

Revenues. For the three months ended September 30, 2023, 65% of revenues were generated from the Company’s largest customer, a Tier-1 telecommunications wireless carrier in the U.S. For the three months ended September 30, 2022, 87% of revenues were generated from the Company’s largest customer, a Tier-1 telecommunications wireless carrier in the U.S. There was no other revenue from customers in excess of 10% of revenues in either period. For the three months ended September 30, 2023 and September 30, 2022, sales to telecommunications customers accounted for 96% and 90% of total revenues, respectively. For the three months ended September 30, 2023 and September 30, 2022, sales to international customers accounted for 1% and 7%, of total revenue, respectively.

For the nine months ended September 30, 2023, sales to the Company’s largest customer, a Tier-1 telecommunications wireless carrier in the U.S., accounted for 52% of total revenues, and 22% of revenue was generated from the Company’s second largest customer, a telecommunications customer outside the U.S. For the same period in 2022, sales to the Company’s largest customer, a Tier-1 telecommunications wireless carrier in the U.S., accounted for 88%. There was no other revenue from customers in excess of 10% of revenues in either period. For the nine months ended September 30, 2023 and September 30, 2022, sales to telecommunications customers accounted for 96% and 97% of total revenues, respectively. For the nine months ended September 30, 2023 and September 30, 2022, sales to international customers accounted for 24% and 2%, of total revenue, respectively.

Accounts receivable. At September 30, 2023, the two largest accounts receivable from the Company’s customers represented 79% and 10%, of the Company’s total accounts receivable. At December 31, 2022, the Company’s two largest receivable accounts represented 74% and 15% of the Company’s total accounts receivable. There was no other customer that accounted for more than 10% of the Company’s accounts receivable as of September 30, 2023 or December 31, 2022.

Accounts payable. At September 30, 2023, accounts payable to the Company’s three largest vendors represented 34%, 13% and 6%, of the Company’s accounts payable. On December 31, 2022, the three largest accounts payable accounts to the Company’s vendors represented 51%, 3%, and 3%, respectively.

Net Loss Per Share

Net Loss Per Share

Basic net loss per share is computed by dividing net loss by the weighted average number of common shares outstanding for the period. Diluted earnings per share is computed by dividing the net income applicable to common stockholders by the weighted average number of common shares outstanding plus the number of additional common shares that would have been outstanding if all dilutive potential common shares had been issued using the treasury stock method. Potential common shares are excluded from the computation when their effect is antidilutive. The dilutive effect of potentially dilutive securities is reflected in diluted net income per share if the exercise prices were lower than the average fair market value of common shares during the reporting period.

The following potentially dilutive shares were excluded from the shares used to calculate diluted earnings per share as their inclusion would be anti-dilutive:

SCHEDULE OF DILUTED EARNINGS PER SHARE

	September 30, 2023		September 30, 2022
	(Unaudited)		(Unaudited)
Options		140,000		140,000
Warrants		24,122		24,122
Total		164,122		164,122

Recent Accounting Pronouncements

Recent Accounting Pronouncements

In September 2016, the FASB issued ASU No. 2016-13, Credit Losses - Measurement of Credit Losses on Financial Instruments (“ASC 326”). The standard significantly changes how entities will measure credit losses for most financial assets, including accounts and notes receivables. The standard will replace today’s “incurred loss” approach with an “expected loss” model, under which companies will recognize allowances based on expected rather than incurred losses. Entities will apply the standard’s provisions as a cumulative-effect adjustment to retained earnings as of the beginning of the first reporting period in which the guidance is effective. The standard is effective for the Company for interim and annual reporting periods beginning after December 15, 2022. Effective January 1, 2023, the Company adopted ASU 2016-13 and that adoption did not have a material impact on the Company’s financial position, results of operations, and cash flows.

The Company’s management does not believe that there are other recently issued but not yet effective authoritative guidance, if currently adopted, would have a material impact on the Company’s financial statement presentation or disclosures.