UNITED STATES

SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION

Washington, D.C. 20549

 

FORM 10-Q

 

(Mark One)

QUARTERLY REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934

 

For the quarterly period ended June 30, 2019

 

OR

 

TRANSITION REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934

 

For the transition period from _____________ to _____________

 

Commission file number: 001-37960

 

POLAR POWER, INC.

(Exact name of registrant as specified in its charter)

 

Delaware   33-0479020
(State or other jurisdiction of
incorporation or organization)
  (I.R.S. Employer
Identification Number)
     
249 E. Gardena Blvd., Gardena, California 90248   90248
(Address of principal executive offices)   (Zip Code)

 

(310) 830-9153

(Registrant’s telephone number, including area code)

 

Not Applicable

 (Former name, former address and former fiscal year, if changed since last report)

 

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days. Yes ☒  No ☐

 

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant has submitted electronically and posted on its corporate Web site, if any, every Interactive Data File required to be submitted and posted pursuant to Rule 405 of Regulation S-T (§232.05 of this chapter) during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to submit and post such files). Yes ☒  No ☐

 

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, a non-accelerated filer, smaller reporting company or emerging growth company. See definitions of “large accelerated filer,” “accelerated filer,” “smaller reporting company” and “emerging growth company” in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act. (Check one):

 

  Large Accelerated Filer ☐   Accelerated Filer ☐
  Non-Accelerated Filer ☐   Smaller Reporting Company ☒
      Emerging Growth Company  ☒

 

If an emerging growth company, indicate by check mark if the registrant has elected not to use the extended transition period for complying with any new or revised financial accounting standards provided pursuant to Section 13(a) of the Exchange Act. ☒

 

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act). Yes ☐ No ☒

 

Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(b) of the Act:

 

Title of each class   Trading Symbol(s)   Name of each exchange on which registered
Common Stock, par value $0.0001 per share   POLA   The NASDAQ Stock Market, LLC

 

The number of shares outstanding of the Registrant’s common stock, $0.0001 par value, as of August 14, 2019 was 10,143,158.

 

 

 

 

 

 

TABLE OF CONTENTS

 

PART I – FINANCIAL INFORMATION   1
     
ITEM 1. Condensed Financial Statements   1
     
ITEM 2. Management’s Discussion And Analysis Of Financial Condition And Results Of Operations   14
     
ITEM 3. Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk   23
     
ITEM 4. Controls and Procedures   23
     
PART II – OTHER INFORMATION   25
     
ITEM 1. Legal Proceedings   25
     
ITEM 1A. Risk Factors   25
     
ITEM 2. Unregistered Sales of Equity Securities and Use of Proceeds   40
     
ITEM 3. Defaults Upon Senior Securities   40
     
ITEM 4. Mine Safety Disclosure   40
     
ITEM 5. Other Information   40
     
ITEM 6. Exhibits   40


 

i

 

 

SPECIAL NOTE REGARDING FORWARD LOOKING STATEMENTS

 

This Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q, including without limitation the sections entitled “Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations” and “Risk Factors,” contains forward-looking statements within the meaning of the Private Securities Litigation Reform Act of 1995. In some cases you can identify these statements by forward-looking words such as “believe,” “may,” “will,” “might,” “estimate,” “continue,” “anticipate,” “intend,” “could,” “should,” “would,” “project,” “plan,” “outlook,” “target,” “expect,” or similar expressions, or the negative or plural of these words or expressions.

 

Such forward-looking statements are based on current expectations and assumptions that are subject to risks and uncertainties, which could cause our actual results to differ materially from those reflected in the forward-looking statements. These statements appear throughout this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q and are statements regarding our intent, belief, or current expectations, primarily based on our current assumptions, expectations and projections about future events and trends that we may affect our business, financial conditions, operating results, cash flows or prospects, as well as related industry developments. You should not place undue reliance on these forward-looking statements, which apply only as of the date of this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q. Our actual results could differ materially from those anticipated in these forward-looking statements for many reasons, including the risks faced by us and described in Part II, Item 1A, entitled “Risk Factors,” and in “Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations” in Part I, Item 2 of this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q. We undertake no obligation to update any forward-looking statements for any reason, or to conform these statements to actual results or to changes in our expectations.

 

ii

 

 

PART I – FINANCIAL INFORMATION

 

ITEM 1. Condensed Financial Statements

 

POLAR POWER, INC.

CONDENSED BALANCE SHEETS

 

   June 30,
2019
   December 31,
2018
 
   (Unaudited)     
ASSETS        
Current assets        
Cash and cash equivalents (including restricted cash $1,002,683 at December 31, 2018)  $5,430,916   $5,640,078 
Accounts receivable   5,900,897    7,726,919 
Inventories, net   12,125,062    8,471,769 
Prepaid expenses   1,170,164    468,666 
Refundable income taxes   231,444    715,916 
Total current assets   24,858,483    23,023,348 
           
Operating lease right-of-use assets, net   2,490,784     
Property and equipment, net   2,117,906    2,122,757 
Deposits   94,001    94,001 
Total assets  $29,561,174   $25,240,106 
           
LIABILITIES AND STOCKHOLDERS’ EQUITY          
Current liabilities          
Accounts payable  $1,367,138   $1,066,415 
Customer deposits   244,101    79,184 
Accrued expenses and other current liabilities   1,121,608    504,559 
Current portion of operating lease liabilities   562,126     
Current portion of notes payable   278,465    283,388 
Total current liabilities   3,573,438    1,933,546 
           
Operating lease liabilities, net of current portion   1,975,459     
Notes payable, net of current portion   834,878    924,539 
           
Total liabilities   6,383,775    2,858,085 
           
Commitments and Contingencies          
           
Stockholders’ Equity          
Preferred stock, $0.0001 par value, 5,000,000 shares authorized, no shares issued and outstanding        
Common stock, $0.0001 par value, 50,000,000 shares authorized, 10,143,158 shares issued and outstanding   1,014    1,014 
Additional paid-in capital   19,736,314    19,578,426 
Retained earnings   3,440,071    2,802,581 
Total stockholders’ equity   23,177,399    22,382,021 
           
Total liabilities and stockholders’ equity  $29,561,174   $25,240,106 

 

See Accompanying Notes to the Condensed Financial Statements

 

1

 

 

POLAR POWER, INC.
CONDENSED STATEMENTS OF OPERATIONS

(Unaudited)

 

   Three Months Ended
June 30,
   Six Months Ended
June 30,
 
   2019   2018   2019   2018 
Net Sales  $9,236,548   $5,815,775   $16,983,333   $10,687,687 
Cost of Sales   6,274,404    3,753,586    11,629,164    7,141,860 
Gross Profit   2,962,144    2,062,189    5,354,169    3,545,827 
                     
Operating Expenses                    
Sales and marketing   695,438    639,832    1,325,472    1,250,169 
Research and development   541,380    336,580    1,103,650    800,681 
General and administrative   1,152,748    847,517    2,274,244    1,584,034 
Total operating expenses   2,389,566    1,823,929    4,703,366    3,634,884 
                     
Income (loss) from operations   572,578    238,260    650,803    (89,057)
                     
Other (expenses) income                    
Interest expense   (10,012)   (2,394)   (20,713)   (5,404)
Other income (expense)   4,221    (12,425)   7,400    (900)
Total other (expenses) income, net   (5,791)   (14,819)   (13,313)   (6,304)
                     
Income (loss) before income taxes   566,787    223,441    637,490    (95,361)
Net income (loss)  $566,787   $223,441   $637,490   $(95,361)
                     
Net income (loss) per share – basic and diluted  $0.06   $0.02   $0.06   $(0.01)
Weighted average shares outstanding, basic and diluted   10,143,158    10,143,158    10,143,158    10,143,158 

 

See Accompanying Notes to the Condensed Financial Statements

 

2

 

 

POLAR POWER, INC.

CONDENSED STATEMENTS OF STOCKHOLDERS’ EQUITY

(Unaudited)

 

Three months ended June 30, 2019 (Unaudited)

 

   Common Stock   Additional
paid-in
   Retained   Total
Stockholders’
 
   Number   Amount   capital   Earnings   Equity 
Balance, March 31, 2019 (unaudited)   10,143,158   $1,014   $19,657,370   $2,873,284   $22,531,668 
Fair value of vested stock options           78,944        78,944 
Net income               566,787    566,787 
Balance, June 30, 2019 (unaudited)   10,143,158   $1,014   $19,736,314   $3,440,071   $23,177,399 

 

Six months ended June 30, 2019 (Unaudited)

 

   Common Stock   Additional
paid-in
   Retained   Total
Stockholders’
 
   Number   Amount   capital   Earnings   Equity 
Balance, December 31, 2018   10,143,158   $1,014   $19,578,426   $2,802,581   $22,382,021 
Fair value of vested stock options           157,888        157,888 
Net income               637,490    637,490 
Balance, June 30, 2019 (unaudited)   10,143,158   $1,014   $19,736,314   $3,440,071   $23,177,399 

 

Three months ended June 30, 2018 (Unaudited)

 

   Common Stock   Additional
paid-in
   Retained   Total
Stockholders’
 
   Number   Amount   capital   Earnings   Equity 
Balance, March 31, 2018 (unaudited)   10,143,158   $1,014   $19,275,674   $3,332,031   $22,608,719 
Fair value of vested stock options           103,664        103,664 
Net income               223,441    223,441 
Balance, June 30, 2018 (unaudited)   10,143,158   $1,014   $19,379,338   $3,555,472   $22,935,824 

 

Six months ended June 30, 2018 (Unaudited)

 

   Common Stock   Additional
paid-in
   Retained   Total
Stockholders’
 
   Number   Amount   capital   Earnings   Equity 
Balance, December 31, 2017   10,143,158   $1,014   $19,250,955   $3,650,833   $22,902,802 
Fair value of vested stock options           128,383        128,383 
Net loss               (95,361)   (95,361)
Balance, June 30, 2018 (unaudited)   10,143,158   $1,014   $19,379,338   $3,555,472   $22,935,824 

 

See Accompanying Notes to the Condensed Financial Statements

 

3

 

 

POLAR POWER, INC.

CONDENSED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOW

(Unaudited)

 

   Six Months Ended
June 30,
   2019  2018
Cash flows from operating activities:      
Net income (loss)  $637,490   $(95,361)
Adjustments to reconcile net income (loss) to net cash used in operating activities:          
Fair value of vested stock options   157,888    128,383 
Depreciation and amortization   295,221    154,947 
Amortization of operating lease right-of-use asset   239,282    -   
Changes in operating assets and liabilities          
Accounts receivable   1,826,022    (1,173,814)
Inventories   (3,653,293)   (797,992)
Prepaid expenses   (815,385)   (298,929)
Deposits   -      (26,705)
Refundable income taxes   484,472    -   
Accounts payable   300,723    (346,997)
Customer deposits   164,917    158,124 
Accrued expenses and other current liabilities   647,358    4,616 
Decrease in lease liability   (222,790)   -   
Net cash provided by (used in) operating activities   61,905    (2,293,728)
           
Cash flows from investing activities:          
Acquisition of property and equipment   (176,483)   (138,821)
Net cash used in investing activities   (176,483)   (138,821)
           
Cash flows from financing activities:          
Repayment of notes   (94,584)   (54,578)
Net cash used in financing activities   (94,584)   (54,578)
           
Decrease in cash and cash equivalents   (209,162)   (2,487,127)
Cash and cash equivalents, beginning of period   5,640,078    14,201,163 
Cash and cash equivalents, end of period  $5,430,916   $11,714,036 
           
SUPPLEMENTAL NON-CASH INVESTING AND FINANCING ACTIVITIES:          
           
Initial recognition of operating lease right-of-use assets and operating lease obligations upon adoption of ASC Topic 842  $2,847,495   $-   
Reclassification of prepaid expenses to property and equipment  $113,887   $-   

  

See Accompanying Notes to the Condensed Financial Statements

 

4

 

 

POLAR POWER, INC.

NOTES TO CONDENSED FINANCIAL

STATEMENTS FOR THE THREE AND SIX MONTHS

ENDED JUNE 30, 2019 AND 2018

(UNAUDITED)

 

NOTE 1 – ORGANIZATION AND SUMMARY OF SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES

 

The Company

 

Polar Power, Inc. was incorporated in the State of Washington as Polar Products, Inc. and in 1991 reincorporated in the State of California under the name Polar Power, Inc. In December 2016, Polar Power, Inc. reincorporated in the State of Delaware (the “Company”). The Company designs, manufactures and sells direct current, or DC, power systems to supply reliable and low-cost energy to off-grid, bad-grid and backup power applications. The Company’s products integrate DC generator and proprietary automated controls, lithium batteries and solar systems to provide low operating cost and lower emissions alternative power needs in telecommunications, defense, automotive and industrial markets.

 

Basis of Presentation of Unaudited Financial Information

 

The unaudited condensed financial statements of the Company for the three and six months ended June 30, 2019 and 2018 have been prepared in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America (“GAAP”) for interim financial information and pursuant to the requirements for reporting on Form 10-Q and Regulation S-K for scaled disclosures for smaller reporting companies. Accordingly, they do not include all the information and footnotes required by GAAP for complete financial statements. However, such information reflects all adjustments (consisting solely of normal recurring adjustments), which are, in the opinion of management, necessary for the fair presentation of the Company’s financial position and results of operations. Results shown for interim periods are not necessarily indicative of the results to be obtained for a full fiscal year. The balance sheet information as of December 31, 2018 was derived from the audited financial statements included in the Company’s financial statements as of and for the years ended December 31, 2018 and 2017 contained in the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission (“SEC”) on April 1, 2019. These financial statements should be read in conjunction with that report.

 

Estimates

 

The preparation of financial statements in conformity with GAAP requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities and disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities at the date of the financial statements and the reported amounts of revenue and expenses during the reporting period. Material estimates relate to the assumptions made in determining reserves for uncollectible receivables, inventory reserves and returns, impairment analysis of long-term assets and deferred tax assets, income tax accruals, accruals for potential liabilities and assumptions made in valuing the fair market value of equity transactions. Actual results may differ from those estimates.

 

Revenue Recognition

 

The Company recognizes revenue in accordance with ASU 2014-09, Revenue from Contracts with Customers (Topic 606), (ASC 606). The underlying principle of ASC 606 is to recognize revenue to depict the transfer of goods or services to customers at the amount expected to be collected. ASC 606 creates a five-step model that requires entities to exercise judgment when considering the terms of contract(s), which includes (1) identifying the contract(s) or agreement(s) with a customer, (2) identifying our performance obligations in the contract or agreement, (3) determining the transaction price, (4) allocating the transaction price to the separate performance obligations, and (5) recognizing revenue as each performance obligation is satisfied. Under ASC 606, revenue is recognized when performance obligations under the terms of a contract are satisfied, which occurs for us upon shipment or delivery of products or services to our customers based on written sales terms, which is also when control is transferred. Revenue is measured as the amount of consideration we expect to receive in exchange for transferring the products or services to a customer.

 

5

 

 

We determine whether delivery has occurred based on when title transfers and the risks and rewards of ownership have transferred to the customer, which usually occurs when we place the product with the customer’s carrier or deliver the product to a customer’s location. We regularly review our customers’ financial positions to ensure that collectability is reasonably assured. Except for warranties, we have no post- sales obligations.

 

Disaggregation of Net Sales

 

The following table shows the Company’s disaggregated net sales by product type:

 

   Three months ended
June 30,
 
  

2019

(Unaudited)

  

2018

(Unaudited)

 
DC power systems  $8,906,400   $5,755,957 
Accessories   330,148    59,818 
Total net sales  $9,236,548   $5,815,775 

 

   Six months ended
June 30,
 
  

2019

(Unaudited)

  

2018

(Unaudited)

 
DC power systems  $16,570,136   $10,462,054 
Accessories   413,197    225,633 
Total net sales  $16,983,333   $10,687,687 

 

The following table shows the Company’s disaggregated net sales by customer type:

 

   Three months ended
June 30,
 
  

2019

(Unaudited)

  

2018

(Unaudited)

 
Telecom  $9,051,023   $5,290,094 
Government/Military   165,240    301,947 
Marine   17,929    41,386 
Other (backup DC power to various industries)   2,356    182,348 
Total net sales  $9,236,548   $5,815,775 

 

   Six months ended
June 30,
 
  

2019

(Unaudited)

  

2018

(Unaudited)

 
Telecom  $16,363,747   $9,779,961 
Government/Military   537,430    595,232 
Marine   79,788    86,861 
Other (backup DC power to various industries)   2,368    225,633 
Total net sales  $16,983,333   $10,687,687 

 

Accounts Receivable

 

Trade receivables are recorded at net realizable value consisting of the carrying amount less an allowance for uncollectible accounts, as needed. The Company uses the allowance method to account for uncollectible trade receivable balances. Under the allowance method, if needed, an estimate of uncollectible customer balances is made based upon specific account balances that are considered uncollectible. Factors used to establish an allowance include the credit quality and payment history of the customer. The Company did not deem it necessary to provide an allowance for doubtful accounts as of June 30, 2019 and December 31, 2018.

 

6

 

 

Inventories

 

Inventories consist of raw materials and finished goods and are stated at the lower of cost or market. Cost is determined principally on a first-in-first-out average cost basis. Inventory quantities on hand are reviewed regularly and write-downs for obsolete inventory are recorded based on an estimated forecast of the inventory item demand in the near future. As of June 30, 2019 and December 31, 2018, the Company has established inventory reserves of $330,000 for obsolete and slow-moving inventory. As of June 30, 2019 and December 31, 2018, the components of inventories were as follows:

 

  

June 30,

2019

(unaudited)

  

December 31,

2018

 
         
Raw materials  $8,369,084   $6,060,448 
Finished goods   4,085,978    2,741,321 
    12,455,062    8,801,769 
Less: Inventory reserve   (330,000)   (330,000)
Total Inventories, net  $12,125,062   $8,471,769 

 

Leases

 

Prior to January 1, 2019, the Company accounted for leases under ASC 840, Accounting for Leases. Effective January 1, 2019, the Company adopted the guidance of ASC 842, Leases, which requires an entity to recognize a right-of-use asset and a lease liability for virtually all leases. The Company adopted ASC 842 using a modified retrospective approach. As a result, the comparative financial information has not been updated and the required disclosures prior to the date of adoption have not been updated and continue to be reported under the accounting standards in effect for those periods. The adoption of ASC 842 on January 1, 2019 resulted in the recognition of operating lease right-of-use assets and lease liabilities for operating leases of $2,847,495. There was no cumulative-effect adjustment to accumulated deficit. See Note 9 for further information regarding the adoption of ASC 842.

 

Product Warranties

 

The Company provides limited warranties for parts and labor at no cost to its customers within a specified time period after the sale. The warranty terms are typically from one to five years. Provisions for estimated expenses related to product warranties are made at the time products are sold. These estimates are established using historical information about the nature, frequency and average cost of warranty claim settlements as well as product manufacturing and recovery from suppliers. Management actively studies trends of warranty claims and takes action to improve product quality and minimize warranty costs. The Company estimates the actual historical warranty claims coupled with an analysis of unfulfilled claims to record a liability for specific warranty purposes. The Company’s product warranty obligations are included in other accrued liabilities in the balance sheets. As of June 30, 2019 and December 31, 2018, the Company had accrued a liability for warranty reserve of $175,000 and $175,000, respectively. Management believes that the warranty accrual is appropriate; however, actual claims incurred could differ from original estimates, requiring adjustments to the accrual. The product warranty accrual is included in current liabilities in the accompanying balance sheets.

 

The following is a tabular reconciliation of the product warranty liability, excluding the deferred revenue related to the Company’s warranty coverage:

 

Changes in estimates for warranties 

June 30,

2019

(unaudited)

  

December 31,

2018

 
Balance at beginning of the period  $175,000   $175,000 
Payments   (259,937)   (364,163)
Provision for warranties   259,937    364,163 
Balance at end of the period  $175,000   $175,000 

 

7

 

 

Income Taxes

 

The Company accounts for income taxes using the asset and liability method whereby deferred tax assets are recognized for deductible temporary differences, and deferred tax liabilities are recognized for taxable temporary differences. Temporary differences are the differences between the reported amounts of assets and liabilities and their tax bases. Deferred tax assets are reduced by a valuation allowance when, in the opinion of management, it is more likely than not that some portion or all of the deferred tax assets will not be realized before the Company is able to realize their benefits, or that future deductibility is uncertain. As of June 30, 2019, the Company has sufficient net operating loss carryforwards to offset any taxable income during the period.

 

Tax benefits from an uncertain tax position are recognized only if it more likely than not that the tax position will be sustained on examination by the taxing authorities based on technical merits of the position. The tax benefits recognized in the financial statements from such a position are measured based on the largest benefit that has greater than 50 percent likelihood of being realized upon ultimate resolution. Deferred tax assets and liabilities are adjusted for the effects of changes in tax laws and rates on the date of enactment.

 

Financial Assets and Liabilities Measured at Fair Value

 

The Company uses various inputs in determining the fair value of its investments and measures these assets on a recurring basis. Financial assets recorded at fair value in the balance sheets are categorized by the level of objectivity associated with the inputs used to measure their fair value.

 

Authoritative guidance provided by the Financial Accounting Standards Board (“FASB”) defines the following levels directly related to the amount of subjectivity associated with the inputs to fair valuation of these financial assets:

 

  Level 1 Quoted prices in active markets for identical assets or liabilities.

 

  Level 2 Inputs, other than the quoted prices in active markets, that is observable either directly or indirectly.

 

  Level 3 Unobservable inputs based on the Company’s assumptions.

 

The carrying amounts of financial assets and liabilities, such as cash and cash equivalents, accounts receivable and accounts payable, approximate their fair values because of the short maturity of these instruments. The carrying values of the line of credit, notes payable approximate their fair values due to the fact that the interest rates on these obligations are based on prevailing market interest rates. 

 

Segments

 

The Company operates in one segment for the manufacture and distribution of its products. In accordance with the “Segment Reporting” Topic of the ASC, the Company’s chief operating decision maker has been identified as the Chief Executive Officer and President, who reviews operating results to make decisions about allocating resources and assessing performance for the entire Company. Existing guidance, which is based on a management approach to segment reporting, establishes requirements to report selected segment information quarterly and to report annually entity-wide disclosures about products and services, major customers, and the countries in which the entity holds material assets and reports revenue. All material operating units qualify for aggregation under “Segment Reporting” due to their similar customer base and similarities in: economic characteristics; nature of products and services; and procurement, manufacturing and distribution processes. Since the Company operates in one segment, all financial information required by “Segment Reporting” can be found in the accompanying financial statements.

 

Concentrations

 

Cash. The Company maintains cash balances at five banks, with the majority held at one bank located in the U.S. At times, the amount on deposit exceeds the federally insured limits. Management believes that the financial institutions that hold the Company’s cash are financially sound and, accordingly, minimal credit risk exists.

 

8

 

 

Cash denominated in Australian Dollars with a U.S. Dollar equivalent of $35,437 and $152,254 at June 30, 2019 and December 31, 2018, respectively, was held in an account at a financial institution located in Australia. Cash denominated in Romanian Leu with a U.S. Dollar equivalent of $21,801 and $9,368 at June 30, 2019 and December 31, 2018, respectively, was held in an account at a financial institution located in Romania

 

Revenues. For the three months ended June 30, 2019, 64% and 21% of revenues were generated from the Company’s two largest customers, which are Tier-1 telecommunications wireless carriers. For the same period in 2018, 76% and 11% of revenues were generated from the Company’s two largest customers, both Tier-1 telecommunication wireless carriers. For the three months ended June 30, 2019 and June 30, 2018, sales to telecommunications customers accounted for 98% and 91% of total revenues, respectively.

 

For the six months ended June 30, 2019, sales to the Company’s two largest customers, which are Tier-1 telecommunications wireless carriers, accounted for 62% and 24% of total revenues, respectively. For the same period in 2018, the Company’s two largest customers, which are Tier-1 telecommunications wireless carriers, accounted for 71% and 18% of total revenues, respectively. For the six months ended June 30, 2019 and June 30, 2018, sales to telecommunications customers accounted for 96% and 92% of total revenues, respectively.

 

Accounts receivable. At June 30, 2019, 41% and 41% of the Company’s accounts receivable were from the Company’s two largest customers. At December 31, 2018, 45% and 42% of the Company’s accounts receivable were from the Company’s two largest customers. 

 

Accounts payable. At June 30, 2019, accounts payable to the Company’s largest vendor represented 40% while the other two largest vendors represented 13% and 9%, respectively. At December 31, 2018, accounts payable to the Company’s largest vendor represented 71% while the other two largest vendors represented 3% each.

 

Purchases. The Company has established relationships with third party engine suppliers and other key suppliers from which the Company sources components for its power systems. The Company is substantially dependent on two key engine suppliers, Yanmar Engines Company and Perkins Engines. Purchases from Yanmar represented 42% and 20% of the Company’s total cost of sales for the three months ended June 30, 2019 and 2018, respectively, and 40% and 23% for the six months ended June 30, 2019 and 2018, respectively. Purchases from Perkins Engines represented 14% and 2% of the Company’s total cost of sales for the three months ended June 30, 2019 and 2018, respectively, and 16% and 2% for the six months ended June 30, 2019 and 2018, respectively.

 

Net Income (Loss) Per Share

 

Basic net income (loss) per share is computed by dividing net income (loss) by the weighted average number of common shares outstanding for the period. Diluted earnings per share is computed by dividing the net income applicable to common stockholders by the weighted average number of common shares outstanding plus the number of additional common shares that would have been outstanding if all dilutive potential common shares had been issued using the treasury stock method. Potential common shares are excluded from the computation when their effect is antidilutive. The dilutive effect of potentially dilutive securities is reflected in diluted net income per share if the exercise prices were lower than the average fair market value of common shares during the reporting period.

 

The following potentially dilutive shares were excluded from the shares used to calculate diluted earnings per share as their inclusion would be anti-dilutive:

 

  

June 30,

2019

(Unaudited)

  

June 30,

2018
(Unaudited)

 
Options   360,000    360,000 
Warrants   115,000    115,000 
Total   475,000    475,000 

 

9

 

 

Recent Accounting Pronouncements

 

The Company’s management does not believe that there are any recently issued, but not yet effective, authoritative guidance, if currently adopted, would have a material impact on the Company’s financial statement presentation or disclosures.

 

NOTE 2 – RESTRICTED CASH

 

As of December 31, 2018, the Company’s cash balance included restricted cash of $1,002,683. In March 2019, the Company closed the credit facility securing the restriction on the restricted cash account, and as such, no cash balance was restricted as of June 30, 2019. The restricted cash served as a collateral to the line of credit (see Note 5) opened with a bank in March 2017.

 

NOTE 3 – PROPERTY AND EQUIPMENT

 

Property and equipment consist of the following:

 

  

June 30,

2019

(Unaudited) 

  

December 31,

2018

 
Production tooling, jigs, fixtures  $70,749   $70,749 
Shop equipment and machinery   2,971,381    2,808,928 
Vehicles   188,597    188,597 
Leasehold improvements   380,544    276,901 
Office equipment   159,269    134,995 
Software   102,690    102,690 
Total property and equipment, cost   3,873,230    3,582,860 
Less: accumulated depreciation and amortization   (1,755,324)   (1,460,103)
Property and equipment, net  $2,117,906   $2,122,757 

 

Depreciation and amortization expense on property and equipment for the three months ended June 30, 2019 and June 30, 2018 was $151,959 and $78,598, respectively. During the three months ended June 30, 2019 and June 30, 2018, $141,759 and $69,785, respectively, of the depreciation expense was included in the balance of cost of sales.

 

Depreciation and amortization expense on property and equipment for the six months ended June 30, 2019 and June 30, 2018 was $295,221 and $154,947, respectively. During the six months ended June 30, 2019 and June 30, 2018, $275,533 and $137,403, respectively, of the depreciation expense was included in the balance of cost of sales.

 

NOTE 4 – NOTES PAYABLE

 

Notes payable consist of the following:

 

  

June 30,

2019

  

December 31,

 
   (Unaudited)   2018 
Total Equipment Notes Payable  $1,113,343   $1,207,927 
Less Current Portion   278,465    283,388 
Notes Payable, long term  $834,878   $924,539 

 

10

 

 

The Company has entered into several financing agreements for the purchase of equipment. The terms of these financing arrangements are for a term of 2 years to 5 years, with interest rates ranging from 1.9% to 6.9% per annum, secured by the purchased equipment. Aggregate monthly payments of principal and interest of approximately $29,000 are due through 2023.

 

NOTE 5 –FINANCING AGREEMENTS

 

Line of Credit

 

On March 21, 2017, the Company entered into a Credit Agreement and related documents with Citibank, N.A. for a revolving credit facility for an aggregate amount of up to $1,000,000. The credit facility was secured by a Certificate of Deposit (restricted cash) account opened by the Company with Citibank in the amount of $1,000,000 (see Note 2). On March 20, 2019, the Company terminated the credit facility and transferred the balance of the Certificate of Deposit that secured the credit facility to its liquid cash account. As of March 20, 2019, the Company had not borrowed any funds under the credit facility.

 

Supplier Agreement 

 

Effective June 4, 2019, the Company executed a Supplier Agreement with Citibank, N.A. Under the terms of the Supplier Agreement, the Company may from time to time offer to sell to Citibank certain of the Company’s accounts receivable relating to invoiced sales made to AT&T. Once AT&T approves the invoice, AT&T sends payment instructions to Citibank. The sale price is equal to the face amount of the receivable less the applicable discount charge calculated by multiplying the face amount of the receivable by (i) the annual discount rate (which is equal to the 90-day London Inter-bank Offered Rate plus 1.00%) and (ii) the discount acceptance period (which is equal the number of days in the payment terms less the number of days necessary to approve the invoice) divided by 360.

 

Citibank may change the pricing terms at any time in its sole discretion upon at least thirty days prior written notice to the Company. In addition, either party may terminate the Supplier Agreement upon thirty business days prior written notice to the other party, provided that either party may terminate the agreement upon five business days prior written notice if the other party is in breach of, or fails to perform any of its material obligations under the Supplier Agreement. As of June 30, 2019, a total of $5,253,491 of accounts receivables had been sold to Citibank by the Company, and the Company incurred fees of approximately $22,000 during the period then ended.

 

NOTE 6 – STOCK OPTIONS

 

The following table summarizes stock option activity:

 

   Number of   Weighted Average
Exercise
 
   Options   Price 
Outstanding, December 31, 2018   360,000   $5.28 
Granted        
Exercised        
Outstanding, June 30, 2019 (unaudited)   360,000   $5.28 
Exercisable, June 30, 2019 (unaudited)        

 

Effective July 8, 2016 the Company’s board of directors approved the Polar Power 2016 Omnibus Incentive Plan (the “2016 Plan”), authorizing the issuance of up to 1,754,385 shares of common stock as incentives to employees and consultants to the Company with awards limited to a maximum of 350,877 shares in any calendar year.

 

During the six months ended June 30, 2019, the Company expensed total stock-based compensation related to the vested options of $128,383, and the remaining unamortized cost of the outstanding options at June 30, 2019 was approximately $553,000. This cost will be amortized on a straight-line basis over the weighted average remaining vesting period of 3 years.

 

There was no intrinsic value of the outstanding and exercisable options at June 30, 2019.

 

11

 

 

NOTE 7 – WARRANTS

 

At June 30, 2019, warrant shares outstanding were as follows:

 

   Number of Warrants   Weighted Average Exercise Price 
Outstanding June 30, 2018   115,000   $8.75 
Issued        
Exercised        
Outstanding, June 30, 2019 (unaudited)   115,000   $8.75 
Exercisable, June 30, 2019 (unaudited)   115,000   $8.75 

 

In connection with the Company’s underwritten initial public offering in December 2016, the Company issued warrants to the underwriters to purchase up to 115,000 shares of its common stock with an exercise price of $8.75 per share, which warrants expire five years from the date of issuance.

 

There was no intrinsic value of the outstanding and exercisable warrants at June 30, 2019.

 

NOTE 8 – DISTRIBUTION AGREEMENT WITH A RELATED ENTITY

 

On March 1, 2014, the Company entered into a subcontractor installer agreement with Smartgen Solutions, Inc. (“Smartgen”), a related entity that is engaged in business of equipment rental and provider of maintenance, repair and installation services to mobile telecommunications towers in California. Under the terms of the agreement, Smartgen has been appointed as a non-exclusive, authorized service provider for the installation, repair and service of the Company’s products in Southern California. The agreement has a term of three years from the date of execution and automatically renews for additional one-year periods if not terminated.

 

During the three months ended June 30, 2019 and 2018, Smartgen performed $93,320 and $32,160 in field services, respectively. Smartgen performed $172,760 and $45,270 in field services for the six months ended June 30, 2019 and 2018, respectively.

 

Smartgen had no purchases from the Company during the three months and the six months ended June 30, 2019 and June 30, 2018, respectively.

 

NOTE 9 – LEASE OBLIGATIONS

 

The Company has operating lease agreements for two office spaces both with remaining lease terms of 4 years. The Company also has another storage facility on a twelve-month lease term. Leases with an initial term of 12 months or less are not recorded on the balance sheet. The Company accounts for the lease and non-lease components of its leases as a single lease component. Rent expense is recognized on a straight-line basis over the lease term.

 

Operating lease right-of-use (“ROU”) assets and liabilities are recognized at commencement date based on the present value of lease payments over the lease term. ROU assets represent our right to use an underlying asset for the lease term and lease liabilities represent our obligation to make lease payments arising from the lease. Generally, the implicit rate of interest in arrangements is not readily determinable and the Company utilizes its incremental borrowing rate in determining the present value of lease payments. The Company’s incremental borrowing rate is a hypothetical rate based on its understanding of what its credit rating would be. The operating lease ROU asset includes any lease payments made and excludes lease incentives.

 

12

 

 

The components of rent expense and supplemental cash flow information related to leases for the period are as follows:

 

  

Six Months Ended

June 30,
2019

 
Lease Cost    
Operating lease cost (included in general and administration in the Company’s unaudited condensed statement of operations)  $370,427 
      
Other Information     
Cash paid for amounts included in the measurement of lease liabilities for the first quarter 2019  $- 
Weighted average remaining lease term – operating leases (in years)   4.2 
Average discount rate – operating leases   3.75%

 

The supplemental balance sheet information related to leases for the period is as follows:

 

   At June 30,
2019
 
Operating leases    
Long-term right-of-use assets  $2,490,784 
      
Short-term operating lease liabilities  $562,126 
Long-term operating lease liabilities   1,975,459 
Total operating lease liabilities  $2,537,585 

 

Maturities of the Company’s lease liabilities are as follows (in thousands):

 

Year Ending  Operating Leases
2019 (remaining 6 months)  $306,160 
2020   692,977 
2021   720,922 
2022   746,752 
2023   272,057 
Total lease payments   2,738,868 
Less: Imputed interest/present value discount   (201,283)
Present value of lease liabilities  $2,537,585 

  

Rent expense for the six months ended June 30, 2019 and 2018 was $370,427 and $95,305, respectively.

 

13

 

 

ITEM 2. Management’s Discussion And Analysis Of Financial Condition And Results Of Operations

 

You should read the following discussion and analysis of our financial condition and results of operations together with our financial statements and the related notes and other financial information included elsewhere in this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q. In addition to historical information, this discussion and analysis contains forward-looking statements that involve risks, uncertainties and assumptions. Our actual results may differ materially from those discussed below. Factors that could cause or contribute to such differences include, but are not limited to, those identified below, and those discussed in the section titled “Risk Factors” and elsewhere in this report. Our historical results are not necessarily indicative of the results to be expected for any future period, and results for any interim period are not necessarily indicative of the results to be expected for the full year.

 

Overview

 

We design, manufacture and sell direct current, or DC, power systems for applications primarily in the telecommunications market and, to a lesser extent, in other markets, including military, electric vehicle charging, cogeneration, distributed power and uninterruptable power supply. Within the telecommunications market, our DC power systems provide reliable and low-cost DC power to service applications that do not have access to the utility grid (i.e., prime power applications) or have critical power needs and cannot be without power in the event of utility grid failure (i.e., back-up power applications). Within this market, we offer the following three configurations of our DC power systems, with output power ranging from 5 kW to 32 kW:

 

  DC base power systems. These systems integrate a DC generator and automated controls with remote monitoring, which are typically contained within an environmentally regulated enclosure.

 

  DC hybrid power systems. These systems incorporate lithium-ion batteries (or other advanced battery chemistries) with our proprietary battery management system into our standard DC power systems.

 

  DC solar hybrid power systems. These systems incorporate photovoltaic and other sources of renewable energy into our DC hybrid power system.

 

Our DC power systems are available in diesel, natural gas, liquid propane gas, gasoline and biofuel formats, with diesel, natural gas and liquid propane gas being the predominant formats, and are capable of being remotely monitored by our global network management tool using our proprietary software technology, allowing us and our customers to collect performance data and update our products remotely.

 

We install, sell and service our products within our identified markets through our direct sales force and a network of independent service providers and dealers. In addition, we have established strategic relationships with local service partners in international markets to jointly promote, distribute and service our products.

 

The transition of telecom to 5G and “Edge Computing” at cell towers requires an increase in power and reliability. There is also a desire among our telecom customers of not increasing the use of land space at cell sites in this transition to prevent increases in rent and permitting costs. During 2019, we began demonstrating higher-power DC generators to our Tier-1 customers without a change in weight or footprint of the generators. AC generators can be up to twice the size and weight of our DC generators, which are based on permanent magnet technology. We believe that as the need for more power grows, the size and weight difference between AC generators and our DC generators will become another tipping point in favor of our DC generators.

 

Note that “edge computing at the cell tower”  allows data produced by IoT devices to be processed closer to where the data is created or its simply delivering movie streaming services rather than transmitting the data across long routes to the cloud or to data centers).

  

Along with the need for increased power and reliability, more compact and lower maintenance types of storage solutions are required.  We will be introducing significant upgrades to our lithium-ion storage systems. We have upgraded our battery management electronics and software along with adding environmental controls for cell temperatures and the ability to manage multiple battery modules in parallel configurations along with improved cell protection from overcharge and discharge. Lithium-ion batteries are approximately 1/4 the space and weight of lead acid-based chemistries.

 

In 2012, we introduced DC power backup systems that integrated our DC generators with supercapacitors to eliminate the need for a backup battery. The energy stored in the supercapacitors supplies power for the short-term grid disruptions and the energy supplied in the fuel of the DC generator provides the power needed for the extended power outages. The supercapacitors also provided uninterrupted power to the load while the DC generator starts up and take over the electrical load. This solution is very compact, reliable, and low maintenance. During the last three years, due to higher usage of supercapacitors in electric vehicles and energy storage applications, there has been a significant reduction in the cost of supercapacitors. This cost reduction, together with market acceptance of supercapacitors as reliable energy storage devices, has reinvigorated interest by telecom companies in our compact DC power backup solution introduced seven years ago.

 

We believe that our increasing product and service offerings are improving our competitiveness within our market space. And this is helping to diversify our customer base along with building revenues. 

 

We believe our business from domestic Tier-1 telecom customers, which are still in the early stages of a multiyear expansion cycle, is driven primarily by need for network reliability.  The telecom industry’s capital investment to upgrade existing telecom sites with backup power systems is competing with the capital needs for expansion of 5G and “cell site Edge” networks. We believe these rollouts will exponentially expand the use of data and video streaming services including IoT uses, autonomous vehicles, industrial internet, etc., thereby requiring robust backup systems that eliminate the smallest data disruptions. We believe our higher capacity backup systems, which are more dense in terms of storage and power, satisfy the need for next generation cell sites.

 

Furthermore, increased production capacity along with a stronger sales force allows us to pursue small to medium size “Last Mile” telecom providers that address off-grid and rural applications.

 

Overall, in 2019 we are pleased with the progress we have made in: fending off tariffs, supply chain disruptions, increasing production capacity and bending the gross margin curve through improvements in production efficiency and controlling manufacturing overhead costs. We believe our products and technologies have significant opportunities in the military, marine, EV-charging and renewable energy markets and we are just at the beginning of becoming a diversified global company. 

 

Critical Accounting Policies

 

Our financial statements have been prepared in accordance with GAAP. The preparation of these financial statements requires us to make estimates and judgments that may have a significant impact on the portrayal of our financial condition and results of operations. We base our estimates on historical experience and on various other assumptions that are believed to be reasonable under the circumstances, the results of which form the basis of making judgments about the carrying values of assets and liabilities that are not readily apparent from other sources. Actual results could differ materially from these estimates.

 

14

 

 

We believe that the following critical accounting policies, among others, affect our more significant judgment and estimates used in the preparation of our financial statements:

 

Revenue Recognition. The Company recognizes revenue in accordance with ASC 2014-09, Revenue from Contracts with Customers (Topic 606), (ASC 606).  The underlying principle of ASC 606 is to recognize revenue to depict the transfer of goods or services to customers at the amount expected to be collected.   ASC 606  creates a five-step model that requires entities to exercise judgment when considering the terms of contract(s), which includes (1) identifying the contract(s) or agreement(s) with a customer, (2) identifying our performance obligations in the contract or agreement, (3) determining the transaction price, (4) allocating the transaction price to the separate performance obligations, and (5) recognizing revenue as each performance obligation is satisfied.  Under ASC 606, revenue is recognized when performance obligations under the terms of a contract are satisfied, which occurs for us upon shipment or delivery of products or services to our customers based on written sales terms, which is also when control is transferred.  Revenue is measured as the amount of consideration we expect to receive in exchange for transferring the products or services to a customer. 

 

We determine whether delivery has occurred based on when title transfers and the risks and rewards of ownership have transferred to the customer, which usually occurs when we place the product with the customer’s carrier or deliver the product to a customer’s location. We regularly review our customers’ financial positions to ensure that collectability is reasonably assured. Except for warranties, we have no post-sales obligations.

 

Under ASC 606, revenue is recognized when performance obligations under the terms of a contract are satisfied, which occurs for the Company upon shipment or delivery of products or services to our customers based on written sales terms, which is also when control is transferred. Revenue is measured as the amount of consideration we expect to receive in exchange for transferring the products or services to a customer.

 

Warranty Costs. We provide limited warranties for parts and labor at no cost to our customers within a specified time period after the sale. The warranty terms are typically from one to five years. Provisions for estimated expenses related to product warranties are made at the time products are sold. These estimates are established using historical information about the nature, frequency and average cost of warranty claim settlements as well as product manufacturing and recovery from suppliers. Management actively studies trends of warranty claims and takes action to improve product quality and minimize warranty costs. We estimate the actual historical warranty claims coupled with an analysis of unfulfilled claims to record a liability for specific warranty purposes. Our product warranty obligations are included in other accrued liabilities in the balance sheets. As of June 30, 2019, and December 31, 2018, we had accrued a liability for warranty reserve of $175,000 and $175,000, respectively. Management believes that the warranty accrual is appropriate; however, actual claims incurred could differ from original estimates, requiring adjustments to the accrual. The product warranty accrual is allocated to current and liabilities in the balance sheets.

 

Effects of Inflation

 

The impact of inflation and changing prices has not been significant on the financial condition or results of operations of our company.

 

15

 

 

Impact of New Accounting Pronouncements

 

See “Note 1 – Organization and Summary of Significant Accounting Policies – Recent Accounting Pronouncements” of the Notes to our condensed financial statements commencing on page 5 of this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q.

 

Jumpstart Our Business Startups Act of 2012

 

On April 5, 2012, the JOBS Act was enacted. Section 107 of the JOBS Act provides that an “emerging growth company” can take advantage of the extended transition period provided in Section 7(a)(2)(B) of the Securities Act for complying with new or revised accounting standards. In other words, an “emerging growth company” can delay the adoption of certain accounting standards until those standards would otherwise apply to private companies. We have irrevocably elected not to avail ourselves of this extended transition period and, as a result, we will adopt new or revised accounting standards on the relevant dates on which adoption of such standards is required for other public companies.

 

We are in the process of evaluating the benefits of relying on other exemptions and reduced reporting requirements provided by the JOBS Act. Subject to certain conditions set forth in the JOBS Act, if as an “emerging growth company” we choose to rely on such exemptions, we may not be required to, among other things, (i) provide an auditor’s attestation report on our system of internal controls over financial reporting pursuant to Section 404, (ii) provide all of the compensation disclosure that may be required of non-emerging growth public companies under the Dodd-Frank Wall Street Reform and Consumer Protection Act, (iii) comply with any requirement that may be adopted by the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board regarding mandatory audit firm rotation or a supplement to the auditor’s report providing additional information about the audit and the financial statements (auditor discussion and analysis), and (iv) disclose certain executive compensation-related items such as the correlation between executive compensation and performance and comparisons of the Chief Executive Officer’s compensation to median employee compensation. These exemptions will apply until we no longer meet the requirements of being an “emerging growth company.” We will remain an “emerging growth company” until the earliest of (i) the last day of the fiscal year in which we have total annual gross revenues of $1.07 billion or more; (ii) the last day of our fiscal year following the fifth anniversary of the date of the completion of this offering; (iii) the date on which we have issued more than $1 billion in nonconvertible debt during the previous three years; or (iv) the date on which we are deemed to be a large accelerated filer under the rules of the SEC.

 

Financial Performance Summary and Outlook

 

Our net sales for the three months ended June 30, 2019 were $9,236,548. This represents a 59% increase in net sales as compared to $5,815,775 for the three months ended June 30, 2018. The increase is primarily a result of increased sales of our DC power systems to Tier-1 telecommunications customers in the U.S.

 

Our sales backlog as of June 30, 2019 was $7,624,563, as compared to $5,827,005 as of June 30, 2018. The increase in sales backlog is attributable to increased sales of our DC power systems to Tier-1 telecommunications customers. We anticipate that approximately 90% of these orders will ship and be recognized as revenues during the third quarter of 2019.

 

We are focused on continuing to grow our customer base. We have invested, and expect to continue to invest, heavily in our sales and marketing efforts, product development, and increasing production capacity. As of June 30, 2019, we added a significant amount of state-of-the-art manufacturing equipment and increased our labor force by 78% as compared June 30, 2018. We believe these strategic initiatives resulted in an increase in our production capacity of approximately 160% and an improvement in our order fulfillment times.

 

Moving forward, we plan to roll out new products designed to increase our market share with domestic Tier-1 and Tier-2 telecommunications customers as well as with customers in overseas telecom markets as we build and automate our production facilities. We will be introducing significant upgrades to our lithium-ion storage systems. We have upgraded our battery management electronics and software along with adding environmental controls for cell temperatures and the ability to manage multiple battery modules in parallel configurations along with improved cell protection from overcharge and discharge. We believe that our increased product and service offerings helped to improve our competitiveness within the market space and, as a result, is helping to diversify our customer base along with building revenues.

 

16

 

  

Our goals for the remainder of 2019 include improving our gross margins by on-going training and increasing our manufacturing productivity levels; increasing our inventory of subassemblies to reduce the order fulfillment timeline; and continuing our sales and marketing efforts to increase our customer base.

 

Results of Operations

 

The tables presented below, which compare our results of operations from one period to another, present the results for each period, the change in those results from one period to another in both dollars and percentage change, and the results for each period as a percentage of net revenues. The columns present the following:

 

The first two data columns in each table show the absolute results for each period presented.

 

The columns entitled “Dollar Variance” and “Percentage Variance” shows the change in results, both in dollars and percentages. These two columns show favorable changes as a positive and unfavorable changes as negative. For example, when our net revenues increase from one period to the next, that change is shown as a positive number in both columns. Conversely, when expenses increase from one period to the next, that change is shown as a negative in both columns.

 

The last two columns in each table show the results for each period as a percentage of net revenues.

 

17

 

 

Three Months Ended June 30, 2019 Compared to the Three Months Ended June 30, 2018 

 

   Three Months Ended
June 30,
  Dollar
Variance
  Percentage
Variance
  Results as a
Percentage
of Net Sales for
the Period Ended
June 30,
   2019
(unaudited)
  2018
(unaudited)
  Favorable
(Unfavorable)
  Favorable
(Unfavorable)
  2019  2018
Net sales  $9,236,548   $5,815,775   $3,420,773    59%   100.0%   100.0%
Cost of sales   6,274,404    3,753,586    (2,520,818)   (67)%   67.9%   64.5%
Gross Profit   2,962,144    2,062,189    899,955    44%   32.1%   35.5%
Sales and marketing expenses   695,438    639,832    (55,606)   (9)%   7.5%   110%
Research and development expenses   541,380    336,580    (204,800)   (61)%   5.9%   5.6%
General and Administrative expenses   1,152,748    847,517    (305,231)   (36)%   12.5%   14.6%
Total operating expenses   2,389,566    1,823,929    (565,637)   (31)%   25.9%   31.4%
Income from operations   572,578    238,260    334,318    140%   6.2%   4.1%
Interest expenses   (10,012)   (2,394)   (7,618)   (318)%   (0.1)%   0.0%
Other income   4,221    (12,425)   16,646    134%   0%   (0.2)%
Income before income taxes   566,787    223,441    343,346    154%   6.1%   3.8%
Net income  $566,787   $223,441   $343,346    154%   6.1%   3.8%

  

Net Sales. Net sales increased $3,420,773, or 59%, to $9,236,548 for the three months ended June 30, 2019, as compared to $5,815,775 for the same period in 2018. The increase in net sales was primarily due to an increase in sales of our DC power systems to Tier-1 telecommunications customers in the U.S. Sales to our two largest customers, AT&T and T-Mobile, accounted for 64% and 21%, respectively, of our total net sales during the three months ended June 30, 2019, as compared to 76% and 11%, respectively, of total net sales for the same period in 2018.

 

Cost of Sales. Cost of sales during the three months ended June 30, 2019 increased by $2,520,818, or 67%, to $6,274,404, as compared to $3,753,586 during the same period in 2018. Cost of sales as a percentage of net sales during the three months ended June 30, 2019 increased to 67.9% as compared to 64.5% in the same period in 2018. The increase in cost of sales is a result of an increase in shipments of our DC powers systems during the three months ended June 30, 2019, as compared to the same period in 2018. The increase in cost of sales as a percentage of net sales is a result of an increase in factory overhead absorption, coupled with lower average selling prices of our DC power systems. Since June 30, 2018, we have increased our labor force by 78% and have made significant additions in manufacturing equipment. Although these initiatives have resulted in an increase in cost of sales in the short-term, we believe that these initiatives will eventually result in a reduction in our cost of sales as a percentage of net sales in future quarterly periods.

 

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Gross Profit. Gross profit during the three months ended June 30, 2019 increased by $899,955, or 44%, to $2,962,144, as compared to $2,062,189 during the same period in 2018. Our gross profit as a percentage of net sales was 32% for the quarter ended June 30, 2019, as compared to 35.5% in the same period in 2018. The decrease in gross profit margin was attributable to a decrease in average selling price of our DC power systems associated with price discounts on larger volume orders coupled with an increase in overhead absorption during the three months ended June 30, 2019, as compared to the same period in 2018. We expect our gross profit margin to improve over the following quarters as we gain production efficiencies through ongoing training and skill seasoning of our new staff acquired in recent quarters.

 

Sales and Marketing Expenses. During the three months ended June 30, 2019, sales and marketing expenses increased by $55,606, or 9%, to $695,438, as compared to $639,832 during the same period in 2018. The increase was attributable to an increase in marketing and promotions of our DC power systems in the U.S. and international markets as part of our ongoing strategy to expand our customer base. We anticipate our sales and marketing expenses to continue to increase slightly in the short term while we continue to expand our international market share.

 

Research and Development Expenses. During the three months ended June 30, 2019, research and development expenses increased by $204,800, or 61%, to $541,380, as compared to $336,580 during the same period in 2018. The increase in research and development expenses was attributable to ongoing sales support to meet new customer requirements and new product development as part of our ongoing strategy to expand our product line and customer base. We believe R&D expenses will decrease as a percentage of net sales in the upcoming quarters.

 

General and Administrative Expenses. General and administrative expenses increased by $305,231, or 36%, to $1,152,748 during the three months ended June 30, 2019, as compared to $847,517 during same period in 2018. The increase was due to a combination of increases in salaries as a result of additions of management staff, an increase in office rent related to our new facility, and an increase in employee fringe benefits. We anticipate our general and administrative costs to decrease as percentage of net sales during the remainder of 2019.

 

Interest Expense. Interest expense for the three months ended June 30, 2019 was $10,012, as compared to $2,393 during the same period in 2018, an increase of $7,618. Our interest expense during the three months ended June 30, 2019 is mainly attributable to financing costs related to production equipment. The increase in interest expense is attributable to new manufacturing equipment acquired in the last twelve months.

 

Income Tax. We had no income tax expense for the three months ended June 30, 2019, and for the same period in 2018.

 

Net Income. As a result of the factors identified above, we reported net income of $566,787, or $0.06 per basic and diluted share, for the three months ended June 30, 2019, as compared to net income of $223,441, or $0.02 per basic and diluted share, for the same period in 2018.

 

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Six Months Ended June 30, 2019 Compared to the Six Months Ended June 30, 2018

 

   Six Months Ended
June 30,
  Dollar
Variance
  Percentage
Variance
  Results as a
Percentage
of Net Sales for
the Period Ended
June 30,
   2019
(unaudited)
  2018
(unaudited)
  Favorable
(Unfavorable)
  Favorable
(Unfavorable)
  2019  2018
Net sales  $16,983,333   $10,687,687   $6,295,646    59%   100.0%   100.0%
Cost of sales   11,629,164    7,141,860    (4,487,304)   (63)%   68.5%   66.8%
Gross Profit   5,354,169    3,545,827    1,808,342    51%   31.5%   33.2%
Sales and marketing expenses   1,325,472    1,250,169    (75,303)   (6)%   7.8%   11.7%
Research and development expenses   1,103,650    800,681    (302,969)   (38)%   6.5%   7.5%
General and Administrative expenses   2,274,244    1,584,034    (690,210)   (44)%   13.4%   14.7%
Total operating expenses   4,703,366    3,634,884    (1,068,482)   (29)%   27.7%   34.0%
Income (loss) from operations   650,803    (89,057)   739,860    831%   3.8%   (0.8)%
Interest expenses   (20,713)   (5,404)   (15,309)   (283)%   (0.1)%   (0.1)%
Other income   7,400    (900)   8,300    922%   0.0%   (0.0)%
Income (loss) before income taxes   637,490    (95,361)   732,851    769%   3.8%   (0.9)%
Net income (loss)  $637,490   $(95,361)  $732,851    769%   3.8%   (0.9)%

  

Net Sales. Net sales increased $6,295,646, or 59%, to $16,983,333 for the six months ended June 30, 2019, as compared to $10,687,687 for the same period in 2018. The increase in net sales was primarily due to an increase in sales of our DC power systems to Tier-1 telecommunications customers in the U.S. Sales to our two largest customers, AT&T and T-Mobile, accounted for 62% and 24% of our total net sales during the six months ended June 30, 2019. Sales to our two largest customers as of June 30, 2018, AT&T and Verizon Wireless, accounted for 71% and 18% of total net sales.

 

Cost of Sales. Cost of sales during the six months ended June 30, 2019 increased by $4,487,304, or 63%, to $11,629,164, as compared to $7,141,860 during the same period in 2018. The cost of sales increased as a result of an increase in shipments of our DC powers systems during the six months ended June 30, 2019, as compared to the same period in 2018. Cost of sales as a percentage of net sales during the six months ended June 30, 2019 increased to 68.5%, as compared to 66.8% in the same period in 2018 as a result of an increase in factory overhead absorption coupled with lower average selling prices of our DC power systems.

 

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Gross Profit. Gross profit during the six months ended June 30, 2019 increased by $1,808,342, or 51%, to $5,354,169, as compared to $3,545,827 during the same period in 2018. Our gross profit as a percentage of net sales was 31.5% for the six months ended June 30, 2019, as compared to 33.2% in the same period in 2018. The decrease in gross profit margin was attributable to an increase in factory overhead absorption coupled with a reduction in the average selling price of our DC power systems associated with price discounts on larger volume orders during the six months ending June 30, 2019, as compared to the same period in 2018.

 

Sales and Marketing Expenses. During the six months ended June 30, 2019, sales and marketing expenses increased by $75,303, or 6%, to $1,325,472, as compared to $1,250,169 during the same period in 2018. As of June 30, 2019, our sales team consisted of ten sales executives and a staff of eight in sales support, as compared to three sales executives and a staff of four in sales support as of June 30, 2018.

 

Research and Development Expenses. During the six months ended June 30, 2019, research and development expenses increased by $302,969, or 38%, to $1,103,650, as compared to $800,681 during the same period in 2018. The increase in research and development expenses was attributable to ongoing sales support to meet new customer requirements and new product development as part of our ongoing strategy to expand our product line and customer base.

 

General and Administrative Expenses. General and administrative expenses increased by $690,210, or 44%, to $2,274,244 during the six months ended June 30, 2019, as compared to $1,584,034 during same period in 2018. The increase was due to a combination of increases in salaries as a result of additions of management staff, an increase in office rent related to our new facility, and an increase in employee fringe benefits.

 

Interest Expense. Interest expense for the six months ended June 30, 2019 was $20,713, as compared to $5,404 during the same period in 2018, an increase of $15,309. Our interest expense during the six months ended June 30, 2019 is mainly attributable to financing costs related to production equipment. The increase in interest expense is attributable to new manufacturing equipment acquired in the last twelve months.

 

Income Tax. We had no income tax expense for the six months ended June 30, 2019, and for the same period in 2018.

 

Net Income/Loss. For the six months ended June 30, 2019, we incurred net income of $637,490, or $0.06 per basic and diluted share, as compared to net loss of $95,361, or $(0.01) per basic and diluted share for the six months ended June 30, 2018.

 

Liquidity and Capital Resources

 

Sources of Liquidity

 

During the six months ended June 30, 2019, we funded our operations primarily from cash on hand and sales of receivables under our Supplier Agreement with Citibank. These funds were also used to make capital expenditures and to increase inventory to support a higher level of production. As of June 30, 2019, we had working capital of $21,306,989, as compared to working capital of $21,089,802 at December 31, 2018. This $217,187 increase in working capital is primarily attributable to our ability to collect on accounts receivable in a shorter period of time as a result of securing the supplier finance agreement with Citibank, N.A. and using such funds to increase inventory volumes. During the three months ended June 30, 2019, we sold $5,253,491 of receivables to Citibank under our Supplier Agreement, and incurred fees of approximately $22,000 in connection with such sales.

 

On June 30, 2019 and December 31, 2018, our net trade receivables totaled $5,900,897 and $7,726,918, respectively. On June 30, 2019, $2,406,231 (41%) and $2,447,976 (41%) represented customer account balances relating to our two largest customers. On December 31, 2018, the customer account balances for our two largest customers were $3,457,433 (45%) and $3,220,907 (42%).

 

Our available capital resources on June 30, 2019 consisted primarily of $5,430,916 in cash and cash equivalents, as compared to $5,640,078 as of December 31, 2018.

 

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Credit Facility

 

On March 21, 2017, we entered into a Credit Agreement and related documents with Citibank, N.A. for a revolving credit facility for an aggregate amount of up to $1,000,000.

 

On March 20, 2019, we terminated the credit facility and transferred the $1,000,000 secured by a Certificate of Deposit to our liquid cash account. As of March 20, 2019, we had not borrowed any funds under the credit facility.

 

Supplier Agreement

 

Effective June 4, 2019, we entered into a Supplier Agreement with Citibank, N.A. Under the terms of the Supplier Agreement, we may from time to time offer to sell to Citibank certain of our accounts receivable relating to invoiced sales made to AT&T. Once AT&T approves the invoice, AT&T sends payment instructions to Citibank. The sale price is equal to the face amount of the receivable less the applicable discount charge calculated by multiplying the face amount of the receivable by (i) the annual discount rate (which is equal to the 90-day London Inter-bank Offered Rate plus 1.00%) and (ii) the discount acceptance period (which is equal the number of days in the payment terms less the number of days necessary to approve the invoice) divided by 360.

 

Citibank may change the pricing terms at any time in its sole discretion upon at least thirty days prior written notice to us. In addition, either party may terminate the Supplier Agreement upon thirty business days prior written notice to the other party, provided that either party may terminate the agreement upon five business days prior written notice if the other party is in breach of, or fails to perform any of its material obligations under the Supplier Agreement. During the period, the Company sold receivables of $5,253,491 under the Supplier Agreement.

 

Future Capital Requirements

 

We believe that our current and future available capital resources, revenues from operations and other sources of liquidity will enable us to fund our operating expenses and capital expenditure requirements for at least the next twelve months.

  

Cash Flow

 

The following table sets forth the significant sources and uses of cash for the six-month periods set forth below:

 

   June 30,
2019
  June 30,
2018
   (Unaudited)  (Unaudited)
Net Cash Provided By (Used In)          
Operating Activities  $61,905   $(2,293,728)
Investing Activities   (176,483)   (138,821)
Financing Activities   (94,584)   (54,578)
Net decrease in cash  $(209,162)  $(2,487,127)

 

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Operating Activities

 

Net cash provided by operating activities for the six months ended June 30, 2019 was $61,805, as compared to net cash used by operating activities of $2,293,728 for same period in 2018. This increase in net cash provided in 2019 was primarily due to net income of $637,490 and an increase in inventories of $3,653,292, coupled with a decrease in trade receivables of $1,826,021 and an increase in accounts payable of $300,723.

 

Investing Activities

 

Net cash used in investing activities for six months ended June 30, 2019 totaled $176,483, as compared to $138,821 for the same period in 2018, an increase of $151,550. This increase was primarily due to a slight increase in property and equipment acquisitions.

 

Financing Activities

 

Net cash used in financing activities totaled $94,583 for the six months ended June 30, 2019, as compared to $54,578 for the same period in 2018. This increase was primarily due to increased equipment financing during the period.

 

Backlog

 

As of June 30, 2019, we had a backlog of $7,624,563, as compared to approximately $16.0 million as of December 31, 2018. The amount of backlog represents revenue that we anticipate recognizing in the future, as evidenced by purchase orders and other purchase commitments received from customers, but on which work has not yet been initiated or with respect to which work is currently in progress. Backlog at June 30, 2019 was comprised of the following elements: 99% in purchases of DC power systems by telecommunications customers, and 1% in purchases by military contractors. We believe that approximately 90% of our backlog will be shipped during the third quarter of 2019. However, there can be no assurance that we will be successful in fulfilling such orders and commitments in a timely manner or that we will ultimately recognize as revenue the amounts reflected in our backlog.

 

ITEM 3. Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk

 

Not applicable.

 

ITEM 4. Controls and Procedures

 

Evaluation of Disclosure Controls and Procedures

 

Our management, with the participation of our principal executive officer and our principal financial officer, evaluated, as of the end of the period covered by this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q, the effectiveness of our disclosure controls and procedures (as defined in Rules 13a-15(e) and 15d-15(e) under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended, or the Exchange Act). Based on that evaluation, our principal executive officer and principal financial officer have concluded that as of June 30, 2019, our disclosure controls and procedures were effective at the reasonable assurance level. Management recognizes that any controls and procedures, no matter how well designed and operated, can provide only reasonable assurance of achieving their objectives and our management necessarily applies its judgment in evaluating the cost-benefit relationship of possible controls and procedures.

 

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Management’s Report on Internal Control Over Financial Reporting

 

Management is responsible for establishing and maintaining adequate internal control over financial reporting as such term is defined in Rule 13a-15(f) under the Exchange Act. Internal control over financial reporting is a process designed under the supervision and with the participation of our management, including our Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer, to provide reasonable assurance regarding the reliability of financial reporting and the preparation of financial statements for external purposes in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles. Our internal control over financial reporting includes those policies and procedures that (i) pertain to the maintenance of records that, in reasonable detail, accurately and fairly reflect the transactions and dispositions of our assets; and (ii) provide reasonable assurance (a) transactions are recorded as necessary to permit preparation of financial statements in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles, (b) our receipts and expenditures are being made only in accordance with authorizations of our management and directors, and (c) regarding the prevention or timely detection of the unauthorized acquisition, use or disposition of assets that could have a material effect on our financial statements.

 

Because of its inherent limitations, internal control over financial reporting may not prevent or detect misstatements. Also, projections of any evaluation of effectiveness to future periods are subject to the risk that controls may become inadequate because of changes in conditions, or that the degree of compliance with the policies or procedures may deteriorate.

 

As of June 30, 2019, our management conducted an evaluation of the effectiveness of our internal control over financial reporting using the criteria set forth by the Committee of Sponsoring Organizations of the Treadway Commission in Internal Control - Integrated Framework (2013). Based on this evaluation, our management concluded that, as of June 30, 2019, our internal control over financial reporting was effective.

 

This Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q does not include an attestation report of our registered public accounting firm regarding internal control over financial reporting. Management’s report was not subject to attestation by our registered public accounting firm pursuant to rules of the SEC that permit us to provide only management’s report in this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q.

 

Changes in Internal Control over Financial Reporting

 

There were no changes in our internal control over financial reporting identified in connection with the evaluation required by Rule 13a-15(d) and 15d-15(d) of the Exchange Act that occurred during the quarter or three months ended June 30, 2019 that have materially affected, or are reasonably likely to materially affect, our internal control over financial reporting.

 

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PART II – OTHER INFORMATION

 

ITEM 1. Legal Proceedings

 

From time to time, we may be involved in general commercial disputes arising in the ordinary course of our business. We are not currently involved in legal proceedings that could reasonably be expected to have material adverse effect on our business, prospects, financial condition or results of our operation.

 

ITEM 1A. Risk Factors

 

Before deciding to purchase, hold or sell our common stock, you should carefully consider the risks described below in addition to the other information contained in this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q and in our other filings with the SEC, including subsequent reports on Forms 10-Q and 8-K. The risks and uncertainties described below are not the only ones we face. Additional risks and uncertainties not presently known to us or that we currently deem immaterial may also affect our business. If any of these known or unknown risks or uncertainties actually occurs with material adverse effects on Polar Power, our business, financial condition, results of operations and/or liquidity could be seriously harmed. In that event, the market price for our common stock will likely decline, and you may lose all or part of your investment.

 

Risks Related to Our Business and Industry

 

We are dependent on a limited number of customers.

 

Currently, the majority of our revenues are derived from sales to three Tier-1 telecommunications providers, AT&T, T-Mobile and Verizon Wireless. Any unfavorable change in our business relationship with our Tier-1 telecommunications wireless carrier customers, or delays in customer implementation and deployment of our products, could have a material adverse effect on our results of operation and financial condition.

 

We derive substantially all of our revenue from sales of our DC base power systems to three customers within the telecommunications market. Our efforts to expand our customer base, our product portfolio or markets within which we operate may not succeed, and may reduce our revenue growth rate.

 

We derive substantially all our revenues from sales of our DC base power systems to three customers within the telecommunications market, AT&T, Verizon Wireless and T-Mobile. Any factor adversely affecting sales of these power systems to these three customers or to other customers within this market, including market acceptance, product competition, performance and reliability, reputation, price competition and economic and market conditions, could adversely affect our business and results of operations. Our plan to invest in the development of higher capacity DC hybrid solar systems to address data centers and other applications within the telecommunications market may not result in an anticipated growth in sales and may reduce our revenue growth rate.

 

Many of our DC power systems involve long design and sales cycles, which could have an adverse impact on our results of operations and financial performance.

 

The design and sales cycle for our DC power systems, from initial contact with our potential customer to the shipments of our product, may be lengthy. Customers generally consider a wide range of factors before making a purchase decision. Prior to purchasing our products, our customers often require a significant technical review, tests and evaluations over long periods of time, assessments of competitive products and approval at a number of management levels within their organization. During the time our customers are evaluating our products, we may incur substantial sales and service, engineering and research and development expenses to customize our products to meet customer’s application needs. We may also expend significant management efforts, increase manufacturing capacity, order long-lead-time components or purchase significant amounts of components and other inventory prior to receiving an order. Even after this evaluation process, a potential customer may not purchase our products.

 

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The product development time before our customer agrees to purchase our DC power systems can be considerable. Our process for developing an integrated solution may require use of significant engineering resources, including design, prototyping, modeling, testing and application engineering. The length of this cycle is influenced by many factors, including the difficulty of the technical specification and complexity of the design and the customer’s procurement processes. A significant period may elapse between our investment of time and resources in designing and developing a product for our customer and revenue from sales of that product. The length of this process combined with unanticipated delays in the development cycle could materially affect results of operations and financial conditions.

 

We do not have long-term commitments for significant revenues with most of our customers and may be unable to retain existing customers, attract new customers or replace departing customers with new customers that can provide comparable revenues and profits.

 

Because we generally do not obtain firm, long-term volume purchase commitments from our customers, most of our sales are derived from individual purchase orders. We remain dependent upon securing new purchase orders in the future in order to sustain and grow our revenues. Accordingly, there is no assurance that our revenues and business will grow in the future. Our failure to maintain and expand our customer relationships could materially and adversely affect our business and results of operations.

 

The high concentration of our sales within the telecommunications market could result in a significant reduction in sales and negatively affect our profitability if demand for our DC power systems declines within this market.

 

We expect to be predominately focused on the manufacturing, marketing and sales of DC power systems to telecommunications companies for the foreseeable future. We may be unable to shift our business focus away from these activities. Accordingly, the emergence of new competing DC power products or lower-cost alternative technologies may reduce the demand for our products. A downturn in the demand for our DC power systems within the telecommunications market would likely materially and adversely affect our sales and profitability.

 

Any failure by management to properly manage our expected growth could have a material adverse effect on our business, operating results and financial condition.

 

We anticipate that we will continue to grow in the near future. The growth of our business will require significant investments of capital and management’s close attention. Our strategy envisions a period of growth that may impose a significant burden on our administrative, financial, and operational resources. If we experience difficulties in any of these areas, we may not be able to expand our business successfully or effectively manage our growth. Our ability to effectively manage our growth will require us to substantially expand the capabilities of our administrative and operational resources and to attract, train, manage and retain qualified management, engineers, and other personnel. We may be unable to do so. Further, our failure to properly manage our expected growth could have a material adverse effect on our ability to retain key personnel. In addition, our failure to successfully manage our growth could result in our sales not increasing commensurately with our capital investments. Any failure by management to manage growth and to respond to changes in our business could have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition and results of operations.

 

The markets within which we compete are highly competitive. Many of our competitors have greater financial and other resources than we do and one or more of these competitors could use their greater financial and other resources to gain market share at our expense.

 

If our business continues to develop as expected, we anticipate that we will continue to grow in the near future. If, due to capital constraints or otherwise, we are unable to fulfill our existing backlog in a timely manner and/or procure and timely fulfill our anticipated future backlog, our customers and potential customers may decide to use competing DC power systems or continue the use of alternating current, or AC, power systems. If we are unable to fulfill the growing demand for products and services in a timely manner, our customers and potential customers may choose to purchase products from our competitors. Some of our larger competitors may be willing to reduce prices and accept lower margins in order to compete with us. In addition, we could face new competition from large international or domestic companies with established industrial brands and distribution networks that enter our end markets. Demand for our products may also be affected by our ability to respond to changes in design and functionality, to respond to downward pricing pressure, and to provide shorter lead times for our products than our competitors. If we are unable to respond successfully to these competitive pressures, we could lose market share, which could have an adverse impact on our results. We cannot assure that we will be able to compete successfully in our markets or compete effectively against current and new competitors as our industry continues to evolve.

 

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Rapid technological changes may prevent us from remaining current with our technological resources and maintaining competitive product and service offerings.

 

The markets in which we and our customers operate are characterized by rapid technological change, especially within the telecommunications market. Significant technological changes could render our existing and potential new products, services and technology obsolete. Our future success will depend, in large part, upon our ability to:

 

effectively identify and develop leading energy efficient technologies;

 

continue to develop our technical expertise;
  
enhance our current products and services with new, improved and competitive technology; and

 

respond to technological changes in a cost-effective and timely manner.

 

If we are unable to successfully respond to technological change or if we do not respond to it in a cost-effective and timely manner, then our business will be materially and adversely affected. We cannot assure you that we will be successful in responding to changing technology. In addition, technologies developed by others may render our products, services and technology uncompetitive or obsolete. Even if we do successfully respond to technological advances, the integration of new technology may require substantial time and expense, and we cannot assure you that we will succeed in adapting our products, services and technology in a timely and cost-effective manner.

 

If we are unable to continue to develop new and enhanced products and services that achieve market acceptance in a timely manner, our competitive position and operating results could be harmed.

 

Our future success will depend on our ability to continue to develop new and enhanced DC power systems and related products and services that achieve market acceptance in a timely and cost-effective manner. The markets in which we and our customers operate are characterized by frequent introductions of new and enhanced products and services, evolving industry standards and regulatory requirements, government incentives and changes in customer needs. The successful development and market acceptance of our products and services depends on a number of factors, including:

 

  the changing requirements and preferences of the potential customers in our markets;

 

  the accurate prediction of market requirements, including regulatory issues;

 

  the timely completion and introduction of new products and services to avoid obsolescence;

 

  the quality, price and performance of new products and services;

 

  the availability, quality, price and performance of competing products and services;

 

  our customer service and support capabilities and responsiveness;

 

  the successful development of our relationships with existing and potential customers; and

 

  changes in industry standards.

 

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We may experience financial or technical difficulties or limitations that could prevent us from introducing new or enhanced products or services. Furthermore, any of these new or enhanced products and services could contain problems that are discovered after they are introduced. We may need to significantly modify the design of these products and services to correct problems. Rapidly changing industry standards and customer preferences and requirements may impede market acceptance of our products and services.

 

Development and enhancement of our products and services will require significant additional investment and could strain our management, financial and operational resources. The lack of market acceptance of our products or services or our inability to generate sufficient revenues from this development or enhancement to offset their development costs could have a material adverse effect on our business. In addition, we may experience delays or other problems in releasing new products and services and enhancements, and any such delays or problems may cause customers to forego purchases of our products and services and to purchase those of our competitors.

 

We cannot provide assurance that products and services that we have recently developed or that we develop in the future will achieve market acceptance. If our new products and services fail to achieve market acceptance, or if we fail to develop new or enhanced products and services s that achieve market acceptance, our growth prospects, operating results and competitive position could be adversely affected.

 

We are dependent on relationships with our key material suppliers, and the partial or complete loss of one of these key suppliers, or the failure to find replacement suppliers or manufacturers in a timely manner, could adversely affect our business.

 

We have established relationships with a third-party engine supplier and other key suppliers from which we source components for our power systems. We purchase standard configurations of engines for our DC power systems and are substantially dependent on timely supply from our two key engine suppliers, Yanmar Engines Company and Perkins Engines. Purchases from Yanmar and Perkins represented approximately 40% and 16% of our total cost of sales, respectively, for the six months ended June 30, 2019. We do not have any long-term contracts or commitments with Yanmar Engines Company or Perkins Engines. If these engine suppliers were to fail to provide emissions certified engines in a timely manner or fail to supply engines that meet our quality, quantity or cost requirements, or were to discontinue manufacturing any engines we source from them or discontinue providing any of these engines to us, and we were unable to obtain substitute sources in a timely manner or on terms acceptable to us, our ability to manufacture our products could be materially adversely affected.

 

Price increases in some of the key components in our DC power systems could materially and adversely affect our operating results and cash flows.

 

The prices of some of the key components of our DC power systems are subject to fluctuation due to market forces beyond our control, including changes in the costs of raw materials incorporated into these components. Such price increases occur from time to time due to spot shortages of commodities, increases in labor costs or longer-term shortages due to market forces. In particular, the prices of engines can fluctuate frequently and often significantly. We do not have any long-term contracts or commitments with our key engine supplier. Substantial increases in the prices of raw materials used in components which we source from our suppliers may result in increased prices charged by our suppliers. If we incur price increases from our suppliers for key components in our DC power systems, our production costs will increase. Given competitive market conditions, we may not be able to pass all or any of those cost increases on to our OEM customers in the form of higher sales prices. To the extent our competitors do not suffer comparable component cost increases, we may have even greater difficulty passing along price increases and our competitive position may be harmed. As a result, increases in costs of key components may adversely affect our margins and otherwise adversely affect our operating results and cash flows.

 

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A portion of our key components are sourced in foreign countries, exposing us to additional risks that may not exist in the U.S.

 

A portion of our key components, such as engines, magnets and cooling systems, are purchased from suppliers located overseas, primarily in Asia. Our international sourcing subjects us to a number of potential risks in addition to the risks associated with third-party sourcing generally. These risks include:

 

  inflation or changes in political and economic conditions;

 

  unstable regulatory environments;

 

  changes in import and export duties;

 

  currency rate fluctuations;

 

  trade restrictions;

 

  labor unrest;

 

  logistical and communications challenges; and

 

  other restraints and burdensome taxes.

 

These factors may have an adverse effect on our ability to source our purchased components overseas. In particular, if the U.S. dollar were to depreciate significantly against the currencies in which we purchase raw materials from foreign suppliers, our cost of goods sold could increase materially, which would adversely affect our results of operations.

 

The unavailability or shortage, or increase in the cost, of raw materials and components could have an adverse effect on our sales and profitability.

 

Our operations require raw materials, such as aluminum, copper and permanent magnets. Commodities such as aluminum and copper are known to have significant price volatility based on global economic conditions. An increase in global economic outlook may result in significant price increases in the cost of our raw materials. In addition, we use Neodymium permanent magnets in our alternators, for which there are a limited number of global suppliers that can meet our standards. Increase in manufacturing of electric vehicles worldwide can have an adverse effect on the cost or supply of these magnets. At our current production volumes, we are unable to secure large quantities of these commodities at fixed prices; however, we do have multiple sources of supply for our raw materials to meet our near term forecasted needs.

 

Various factors could reduce the availability of raw materials and components and shortages may occur from time to time in the future. An increase in lead times for the supply of raw materials due to a global increase in demand for commodities outlined may significantly increase material costs of our products. If production was interrupted due to unavailability or shortage of raw materials and we were not able to find alternate third-party suppliers or re-engineer our products to accommodate different components or materials, we could experience disruptions in manufacturing and operations including product shortages, higher freight costs and re-engineering costs. If our supply of raw materials or components is disrupted or our lead times extended, our business, results of operations or financial condition could be materially adversely affected.

 

We manufacture and assemble a majority of our products at two facilities. Any prolonged disruption in the operations of these facilities would result in a decline in our sales and profitability.

 

We manufacture and assemble our DC power systems at our facilities located in Gardena, California. Any prolonged disruption in the operations of our manufacturing and assembly facilities, whether due to equipment or information technology infrastructure failure, labor difficulties, destruction of or damage to either of these facilities as a result of an earthquake, fire, flood, other catastrophes, and other operational problems would result in a decline in our sales and profitability. In the event of a business interruption at our facilities, we may be unable to shift manufacturing and assembly capabilities to alternate locations, accept materials from suppliers or meet customer shipment needs, among other severe consequences. Such an event could have a material and adverse impact on our financial condition and results of our operations.

 

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Our business operations are subject to substantial government regulation.

 

Our business operations are subject to certain federal, state, local and foreign laws and regulations. For example, our products, services and technologies are subject to regulations relating to building codes, public safety, electrical connections, security protocols, and local and state licensing requirements. The regulations to which we are subject may change, additional regulations may be imposed, or existing regulations may be applied in a manner that creates special requirements for the implementation and operation of our products or services that may significantly impact or even eliminate some of our revenues or markets. In addition, we may incur material costs or liabilities in complying with any such regulations. Furthermore, some of our customers must comply with numerous laws and regulations, which may affect their willingness and ability to purchase our products, services and technologies.

 

The modification of existing laws and regulations or interpretations thereof or the adoption of future laws and regulations could adversely affect our business, cause us to modify or alter our methods of operations and increase our costs and the price of our products, services and technology. In addition, we cannot provide any assurance that we will be able, for financial or other reasons, to comply with all applicable laws and regulations. If we fail to comply with these laws and regulations, we could become subject to substantial penalties or restrictions that could materially and adversely affect our business.

 

Certain of our products are used in critical communications networks which may subject us to significant liability claims.

 

Because certain of our products for customers in the telecommunications industry are used in critical communications networks, we may be subject to significant liability claims if our products do not work properly. We warrant to our current customers that our products will operate in accordance with our product specifications. If our products fail to conform to these specifications, our customers could require us to remedy the failure or could assert claims for damages. The provisions in our agreements with customers that are intended to limit our exposure to liability claims may not preclude all potential claims. In addition, any insurance policies we have may not adequately limit our exposure with respect to such claims. Liability claims could require us to spend significant time and money in litigation or to pay significant damages. Any such claims, whether or not successful, would be costly and time-consuming to defend, and could divert management’s attention and seriously damage our reputation and our business.

 

We could be adversely affected by our failure to comply with the laws applicable to our foreign activities, including the U.S. Foreign Corrupt Practices Act and other similar worldwide anti-bribery laws.

 

The U.S. Foreign Corrupt Practices Act, or the FCPA, and similar anti-bribery laws in other jurisdictions prohibit U.S.-based companies and their intermediaries from making improper payments to non-U.S. officials for the purpose of obtaining or retaining business. We may pursue opportunities in certain parts of the world that experience government corruption, and in certain circumstances, compliance with anti-bribery laws may conflict with local customs and practices. Our policies mandate compliance with all applicable anti-bribery laws. Further, we require our partners, subcontractors, agents and others who work for us or on our behalf to comply with the FCPA and other anti-bribery laws. Although we have policies and procedures, and have conducted training, designed to ensure that we, our employees, our agents and others who work with us in foreign countries comply with the FCPA and other anti-bribery laws, there is no assurance that such policies, procedures or training will protect us against liability under the FCPA or other laws for actions taken by our agents, employees and intermediaries. If we are found to be liable for FCPA violations (either due to our own acts or inadvertence, or due to the acts or inadvertence of others), we could suffer from severe criminal or civil penalties or other sanctions, which could have a material adverse effect on our reputation, business, results of operations or cash flows. In addition, detecting, investigating and resolving actual or alleged FCPA violations is expensive and could consume significant time and attention of our senior management.

  

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We are exposed to risks related to our international sales, and the failure to manage these risks could harm our business. If we fail to expand our business into international markets, our revenues and results of operations may be adversely affected.

 

In addition to our sales to customers within the U.S., we may become increasingly dependent on sales to customers outside the U.S. as we pursue expanding our business with current and potential customers worldwide. In 2017, we established full-time sales executives and support staff in: Australia, Dubai, Singapore, Romania, Poland, Africa and the Dominican Republic. In 2017 and 2018, our sales to international customers accounted for 6% and 2%, respectively, of total revenue. We expect that international sales will increase over time and that a significant portion of our future international sales will be from less developed or developing countries. As a result, the occurrence of any international, political, economic, or geographic event could result in a significant decline in revenue. There are significant risks associated with conducting operations internationally, requiring significant financial commitments to support such operations. These operations present a number of challenges including oversight of daily operating practices in each location, handling employee benefits and employee behavior. In addition, compliance with complex foreign and U.S. laws and regulations that apply to our international operations increases our cost of doing business in international jurisdictions. These numerous and sometimes conflicting laws and regulations include internal control and disclosure rules, data privacy and filtering requirements, anti-corruption laws, such as the FCPA, and other local laws prohibiting corrupt payments to governmental officials, and anti-competition regulations, among others. Violations of these laws and regulations could result in fines and penalties, criminal sanctions against us, our officers, or our employees, prohibitions on the conduct of our business and on our ability to offer our products and services in one or more countries, and could also materially affect our brand, our international expansion efforts, our ability to attract and retain employees, our business, and our operating results. Although we have implemented policies and procedures designed to ensure compliance with these laws and regulations, there can be no assurance that our employees, contractors, or agents will not violate our policies.

 

Some of the risks and challenges of doing business internationally include:

 

  requirements or preferences for domestic products or solutions, which could reduce demand for our products;

 

  unexpected changes in regulatory requirements;

 

  imposition of tariffs and other barriers and restrictions;

 

  restrictions on the import or export of critical technology;

 

  management communication and integration problems resulting from cultural and geographic dispersion;

 

  the burden of complying with a variety of laws and regulations in various countries;

 

  difficulties in enforcing contracts;

 

  the uncertainty of protection for intellectual property rights in some countries;

 

  application of the income tax laws and regulations of multiple jurisdictions, including relatively low-rate and relatively high-rate jurisdictions, to our sales and other transactions, which results in additional complexity and uncertainty;

 

  tariffs and trade barriers, export regulations and other regulatory and contractual limitations on our ability to sell products;

 

  greater risk of a failure of foreign employees to comply with both U.S. and foreign laws, including export and antitrust regulations, the FCPA and any trade regulations ensuring fair trade practices;

 

  heightened risk of unfair or corrupt business practices in certain geographies and of improper or fraudulent sales arrangements that may impact financial results and result in restatements of, or irregularities in, financial statements;

 

  potentially adverse tax consequences, including multiple and possibly overlapping tax structures;

  

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  general economic and geopolitical conditions, including war and acts of terrorism;

 

  lack of the availability of qualified third-party financing; and

 

  currency exchange controls.

 

While these factors and the impacts of these factors are difficult to predict, any one or more of them could adversely affect our business, financial condition and results of operations in the future.

 

Failures or security breaches of our networks or information technology systems could have an adverse effect on our business.

 

We rely heavily on information technology, or IT, both in our products and services for customers and in our IT systems. Further, we collect and store sensitive information in our data centers and on our networks. Government agencies and security experts have warned about growing risks of hackers, cyber-criminals, malicious insiders and other actors targeting confidential information and all types of IT systems. These actors may engage in fraudulent activities, theft of confidential or proprietary information and sabotage.

 

Our IT systems and our confidential information may be vulnerable to damage or intrusion from a variety of attacks including computer viruses, worms or other malicious software programs. These attacks pose a risk to the security of the products, systems and networks of our customers, suppliers and third-party service providers, as well to the confidentiality of our information and the integrity and availability of our data. While we attempt to mitigate these risks through controls, due diligence, training, surveillance and other measures, we remain vulnerable to information security threats.

 

Despite the precautions we take, an intrusion or infection of our systems could result in the disruption of our business, loss of proprietary or confidential information, or injuries to people or property. Similarly, an attack on our IT systems could result in theft or disclosure of trade secrets or other intellectual property or a breach of confidential customer or employee information. Any such events could have an adverse impact on sales, harm our reputation and cause us to incur legal liability and increased costs to address such events and related security concerns. As the threats evolve and become more potent, we may incur additional costs to secure the products that we sell, as well as our data and infrastructure of networks and devices.

 

Risks Related to Our Intellectual Property

 

If we fail to adequately protect our intellectual property rights, we could lose important proprietary technology, which could materially and adversely affect our business.

 

Our success and ability to compete depends, in substantial part, upon our ability to develop and protect our proprietary technology and intellectual property rights to distinguish our products, services and technology from those of our competitors. The unauthorized use of our intellectual property rights and proprietary technology by others could materially harm our business.

 

Historically, we have relied primarily on a combination of trademark, copyright and trade secret laws, along with non-competition and confidentiality agreements, contractual provisions, licensing arrangements and proprietary software and manufacturing processes, to establish and protect our intellectual property rights. Although we hold several unregistered copyrights in our business, we believe that the success of our business depends more upon our proprietary technology, information, processes and know-how than on patents or trademark registrations. In addition, much of our proprietary information and technology may not be patentable; if we decided to apply for patents and/or trademarks in the future, we might not be successful in obtaining any such future patents or in registering any marks.

 

Despite our efforts to protect our intellectual property rights, existing laws afford only limited protection, and our actions may be inadequate to protect our rights or to prevent others from claiming violations of their proprietary rights. Unauthorized third parties may attempt to copy, reverse engineer or otherwise obtain, use or exploit aspects of our products and services, develop similar technology independently, or otherwise obtain and use information that we regard as proprietary. We cannot assure you that our competitors will not independently develop technology similar or superior to our technology or design around our intellectual property. In addition, the laws of some foreign countries may not protect our proprietary rights as fully or in the same manner as the laws of the U.S.

  

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We may need to resort to litigation to enforce our intellectual property rights, to protect our trade secrets, and to determine the validity and scope of other companies’ proprietary rights in the future. However, litigation could result in significant costs and in the diversion of management and financial resources. We cannot assure you that any such litigation will be successful or that we will prevail over counterclaims against us. Our failure to protect any of our important intellectual property rights or any litigation that we resort to in order to enforce those rights could materially and adversely affect our business.

 

If we face claims of intellectual property infringement by third parties, we could encounter expensive litigation, be liable for significant damages or incur restrictions on our ability to sell our products and services.

 

Although we are not aware of any present infringement of our products, services or technology on the intellectual property rights of others, we cannot be certain that our products, services and technologies do not or in the future will not infringe on the valid intellectual property rights held by third parties. In addition, we cannot assure you that third parties will not claim that we have infringed their intellectual property rights.

 

In recent years, there has been a significant amount of litigation in the U.S. involving patents and other intellectual property rights. In the future, we may be a party to litigation as a result of an alleged infringement of others’ intellectual property. Successful infringement claims against us could result in substantial monetary liability, require us to enter into royalty or licensing arrangements, or otherwise materially disrupt the conduct of our business. In addition, even if we prevail on these claims, this litigation could be time-consuming and expensive to defend or settle and could result in the diversion of our time and attention and of operational resources, which could materially and adversely affect our business. Any potential intellectual property litigation also could force us to do one or more of the following:

 

  stop selling, incorporating or using our products and services that use the infringed intellectual property;

 

  obtain from the owner of the infringed intellectual property right a license to sell or use the relevant technology, which license may not be available on commercially reasonable terms, or at all; or

 

  redesign the products and services that use the technology.

 

If we are forced to take any of these actions, our business may be seriously harmed. Although we carry general liability insurance, our insurance may not cover potential claims of this type or may not be adequate to indemnify us for all liability that may be imposed.

 

Risks Related to Our Common Stock

 

Our operating results can fluctuate significantly from period to period, which makes our operating results difficult to predict and can cause our operating results in any particular period to be less than comparable periods and expectations from time to time.

 

Our operating results have fluctuated significantly from quarter-to-quarter, period-to-period and year-to-year during our operating history and are likely to continue to fluctuate in the future due to a variety of factors, many of which are outside of our control. Certain factors that may affect our operating results include, without limitation, those set forth under “Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations — Critical Accounting Policies” in this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q.

 

Because we have little or no control over many of these factors, our operating results are difficult to predict. Any adverse change in any of these factors could negatively affect our business and results of operations.

  

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Our revenues, net income and other operating results are heavily dependent upon the size and timing of customer orders and projects, and the timing of the completion of those projects. The timing of our receipt of large individual orders, and of project completion, is difficult for us to predict. Because our operating expenses are based on anticipated revenues over the mid- and long-term and because a high percentage of our operating expenses are relatively fixed, a shortfall or delay in recognizing revenues can cause our operating results to vary significantly from quarter-to-quarter and can result in significant operating losses or declines in profit margins in any particular quarter. If our revenues fall below our expectations in any particular quarter, we may not be able, or it may not be prudent for us, to reduce our expenses rapidly in response to the revenue shortfall, which can result in us suffering significant operating losses or declines in profit margins in that quarter.

 

Due to these factors and the other risks discussed in this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q, you should not rely on quarter-to-quarter, period-to-period or year-to-year comparisons of our results of operations as an indication of our future performance. Quarterly, period and annual comparisons of our operating results are not necessarily meaningful or indicative of future performance. As a result, it is likely that, from time to time, our results of operations or our revenue backlog could fall below historical levels or the expectations of public market analysts and investors, which could cause the trading price of our common stock to decline significantly.

 

Our Chairman, President and Chief Executive Officer owns a majority of our common stock and will exercise significant influence over matters requiring stockholder approval, regardless of the wishes of other stockholders.

 

Our Chairman, President, Chief Executive Officer and Secretary, Arthur D. Sams, beneficially owns approximately 55% of our outstanding shares of common stock. Mr. Sams therefore has significant influence over management and significant control over matters requiring stockholder approval, including the annual election of directors and significant corporate transactions, such as a merger or other sale of our company or our assets, for the foreseeable future. This concentrated control will limit stockholders’ ability to influence corporate matters and, as a result, we may take actions that our stockholders do not view as beneficial. As a result, the market price of our common stock could be adversely affected.

 

We are a “controlled company” within the meaning of the Nasdaq Listing Rules. Although we do not currently intend to rely on the exemptions from certain corporate governance requirements afforded to a “controlled company” under Nasdaq Listing Rules, we could potentially seek to rely on such exemptions in the future.

 

Our Chairman, President, Chief Executive Officer and Secretary, Arthur D. Sams, controls a majority of our common stock. As a result, we are a “controlled company” within the meaning of the Nasdaq Listing Rules. Under these rules, a company of which more than 50% of the voting power for the election of directors is held by an individual, a group or another company is a “controlled company” and may elect not to comply with certain Nasdaq corporate governance requirements, including, without limitation (i) the requirement that a majority of the board of directors consist of independent directors, (ii) the requirement that the compensation of our officers be determined or recommended to our board of directors by a compensation committee that is comprised solely of independent directors, and (iii) the requirement that director nominees be selected or recommended to the board of directors by a majority of independent directors or a nominating committee comprised solely of independent directors. We do not currently intend to rely on those exemptions afforded to a “controlled company.” Nonetheless, in the future, we could potentially seek to rely on certain of those exemptions afforded to a “controlled company,” and in such case, you would not have the same protections afforded to stockholders of companies that are subject to all of the Nasdaq corporate governance requirements.

 

The price of our shares of common stock is volatile, and you could lose all or part of your investment.

 

The trading price of our shares of common stock is volatile and could be subject to wide fluctuations in response to various factors, some of which are beyond our control, including limited trading volume. In addition to the factors discussed in the “Risk Factors” section and elsewhere in this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q, these factors include, without limitation:

 

  competition from existing technologies and products or new technologies and products that may emerge;

 

  the loss of significant customers, including AT&T, T-Mobile and Verizon Wireless;

 

  actual or anticipated variations in our quarterly operating results;

  

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  failure to meet the estimates and projections of the investment community or that we may otherwise provide to the public;

 

  our cash position;

 

  announcement or expectation of additional financing efforts;

 

  issuances of debt or equity securities;

 

  our inability to successfully enter new markets or develop additional products;

 

  actual or anticipated fluctuations in our competitors’ operating results or changes in their respective growth rates;

 

  sales of our shares of common stock by us, or our stockholders in the future;

 

  trading volume of our shares of common stock on the Nasdaq Capital Market;

 

  market conditions in our industry;

 

  overall performance of the equity markets and general political and economic conditions;

 

  introduction of new products or services by us or our competitors;

 

  additions or departures of key management, engineering or other personnel;

 

  publication of research reports about us or our industry or positive or negative recommendations or withdrawal of research coverage by securities or industry analysts;

 

  changes in the market valuation of similar companies;

 

  disputes or other developments related to intellectual property and other proprietary rights;

 

  changes in accounting practices;

 

  significant lawsuits, including stockholder litigation; and

 

  other events or factors, many of which are beyond our control.

 

Furthermore, the public equity markets have experienced extreme price and volume fluctuations that have affected and continue to affect the market prices of equity securities of many companies. These fluctuations often have been unrelated or disproportionate to the operating performance of those companies. These broad market and industry fluctuations, as well as general economic, political and market conditions such as recessions, interest rate changes or international currency fluctuations, may negatively impact the market price of our shares of common stock.

 

We do not anticipate paying cash dividends, and accordingly, stockholders must rely on stock appreciation for any return on their investment.

 

We have never declared or paid cash dividends on our capital stock. We intend to retain a significant portion of our future earnings, if any, to finance the operations, development and growth of our business. Any future determination to declare dividends will be made at the discretion of our board of directors, subject to applicable laws, and will depend on number of factors, including our financial condition, results of operations, capital requirements, contractual restrictions, general business conditions and other factors that our board of directors may deem relevant. As a result, only appreciation of the price of our common stock, which may never occur, will provide a return to stockholders.

  

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If securities or industry analysts do not publish research or reports or publish inaccurate or unfavorable research or reports about our business, our share price and trading volume could decline.

 

The trading market for our shares of common stock depends, in part, on the research and reports that securities or industry analysts publish about us or our business. We do not have any control over these analysts. If no securities or industry analysts undertake coverage of our company, the trading price for our shares of common stock may be negatively impacted. If we obtain securities or industry analyst coverage and if one or more of the analysts who covers us downgrades our shares of common stock, changes their opinion of our shares or publishes inaccurate or unfavorable research about our business, our share price would likely decline. If one or more of these analysts ceases coverage of us or fails to publish reports on us regularly, demand for our shares of common stock could decrease and we could lose visibility in the financial markets, which could cause our share price and trading volume to decline.

 

We are not subject to the provisions of Section 203 of the Delaware General Corporation Law, which could negatively affect your investment.

 

We elected in our certificate of incorporation to not be subject to the provisions of Section 203 of the Delaware General Corporation Law, or Section 203. In general, Section 203 prohibits a publicly held Delaware corporation from engaging in a “business combination” with an “interested stockholder” for a period of three years after the date of the transaction in which the person became an interested stockholder, unless the business combination is approved in a prescribed manner. A “business combination” includes a merger, asset sale or other transaction resulting in a financial benefit to the interested stockholder. An “interested stockholder” is a person who, together with affiliates and associates, owns (or, in certain cases, within three years prior, did own) 15% or more of the corporation’s voting stock. Our decision not to be subject to Section 203 will allow, for example, Arthur D. Sams, our Chairman, President, Chief Executive Officer and Secretary (who beneficially owns approximately 55% of our common stock) to transfer shares in excess of 15% of our voting stock to a third-party free of the restrictions imposed by Section 203. This may make us more vulnerable to takeovers that are completed without the approval of our board of directors and/or without giving us the ability to prohibit or delay such takeovers as effectively.

 

Some provisions of our charter documents and Delaware law may have anti-takeover effects that could discourage an acquisition of us by others, even if an acquisition would be beneficial to our stockholders, and may prevent attempts by our stockholders to replace or remove our current management.

 

Provisions in our certificate of incorporation and bylaws, as well as provisions of Delaware law, could make it more difficult for a third party to acquire us or increase the cost of acquiring us, even if doing so would benefit our stockholders. These provisions include:

 

  a requirement that special meetings of stockholders be called only by the board of directors, the president or the chief executive officer;

 

  advance notice requirements for stockholder proposals and nominations for election to our board of directors; and

 

  the authority of the board of directors to issue preferred stock on terms determined by the board of directors without stockholder approval and which preferred stock may include rights superior to the rights of the holders of common stock.

 

These anti-takeover provisions and other provisions in our certificate of incorporation and bylaws could make it more difficult for stockholders or potential acquirers to obtain control of our board of directors or initiate actions that are opposed by the then-current board of directors and could also delay or impede a merger, tender offer or proxy contest involving our Company. These provisions could also discourage proxy contests and make it more difficult for you and other stockholders to elect directors of your choosing or cause us to take other corporate actions you desire. Any delay or prevention of a change of control transaction or changes in our board of directors could cause the market price of our common stock to decline.

  

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Our certificate of incorporation designates the Court of Chancery of the State of Delaware as the sole and exclusive forum for certain types of actions and proceedings that may be initiated by our stockholders, which could limit our stockholders’ ability to obtain a favorable judicial forum for disputes with us or our directors, officers or other employees.

 

Our certificate of incorporation provides that, unless we consent in writing to the selection of an alternative forum, the Court of Chancery of the State of Delaware shall be the sole and exclusive forum for (i) any derivative action or proceeding brought on our behalf, (ii) any action asserting a claim of breach of a fiduciary duty owed by any of our directors, officers or other employees to us or our stockholders, (iii) any action asserting a claim arising pursuant to any provision of the Delaware General Corporation Law, our certificate of incorporation or our bylaws, or (iv) any action asserting a claim against us governed by the internal affairs doctrine. Any person or entity purchasing or otherwise acquiring any interest in shares of our capital stock shall be deemed to have notice of and consented to the provisions of certificate of incorporation described above. This choice of forum provision may limit a stockholder’s ability to bring a claim in a judicial forum that it finds favorable for disputes with us or our directors, officers or other employees, which may discourage such lawsuits against us and our directors, officers and other employees. Alternatively, if a court were to find these provisions of our certificate of incorporation inapplicable to, or unenforceable in respect of, one or more of the specified types of actions or proceedings, we may incur additional costs associated with resolving such matters in other jurisdictions, which could adversely affect our business, financial condition or results of operations.

 

We are an “emerging growth company,” and we cannot be certain if the reduced reporting requirements applicable to emerging growth companies will make our shares of common stock less attractive to investors.

 

We are an “emerging growth company,” as defined in the JOBS Act. For as long as we continue to be an emerging growth company, we may take advantage of exemptions from various reporting requirements that are applicable to other public companies that are not emerging growth companies, including not being required to comply with the auditor attestation requirements of Section 404 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002, or the Sarbanes-Oxley Act, reduced disclosure obligations regarding executive compensation in this report, our periodic reports and proxy statements and exemptions from the requirements of holding a nonbinding advisory vote on executive compensation and stockholder approval of any golden parachute payments not previously approved. We could be an emerging growth company for up to five years, although circumstances could cause us to lose that status earlier, including if the market value of our shares of common stock held by non-affiliates exceeds $700 million as of any March 30 before that time or if we have total annual gross revenue of $1.0 billion or more during any fiscal year before that time, in which cases we would no longer be an emerging growth company as of the following December 31, or if we issue more than $1.0 billion in non-convertible debt during any three-year period before that time, in which case we would no longer be an emerging growth company immediately. We cannot predict if investors will find our shares of common stock less attractive because we may rely on these exemptions. If some investors find our shares of common stock less attractive as a result, there may be a less active trading market for our shares of common stock and our share price may be more volatile.

 

Under the JOBS Act, emerging growth companies also can delay adopting new or revised accounting standards until such time as those standards apply to private companies. We have irrevocably elected not to avail ourselves of this exemption from new or revised accounting standards and, therefore, will be subject to the same new or revised accounting standards as other public companies that are not emerging growth companies.

 

If we fail to maintain an effective system of internal control over financial reporting, we may not be able to accurately report our financial results or prevent fraud. As a result, stockholders could lose confidence in our financial and other public reporting, which would harm our business and the trading price of our common stock.

 

Effective internal controls over financial reporting are necessary for us to provide reliable financial reports and, together with adequate disclosure controls and procedures, are designed to prevent fraud. Any failure to implement required new or improved controls, or difficulties encountered in their implementation could cause us to fail to meet our reporting obligations. In addition, any testing by us conducted in connection with Section 404 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act, or any subsequent testing by our independent registered public accounting firm, may reveal deficiencies in our internal controls over financial reporting that are deemed to be material weaknesses or that may require prospective or retroactive changes to our financial statements or identify other areas for further attention or improvement. Inferior internal controls could also cause investors to lose confidence in our reported financial information, which could have a negative effect on the trading price of our common stock.

  

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We are required to disclose changes made in our internal controls and procedures on a quarterly basis and our management is required to assess the effectiveness of these controls annually. However, for as long as we are an “emerging growth company” under the JOBS Act, our independent registered public accounting firm will not be required to attest to the effectiveness of our internal controls over financial reporting pursuant to Section 404. We could be an “emerging growth company” for up to five years. An independent assessment of the effectiveness of our internal controls could detect problems that our management’s assessment might not. Undetected material weaknesses in our internal controls could lead to financial statement restatements and require us to incur the expense of remediation.

 

We incur significant costs as a result of operating as a public company and our management expects to devote substantial time to public company compliance programs.

 

As a public company, we incur significant legal, accounting and other expenses due to our compliance with regulations and disclosure obligations applicable to us, including compliance with the Sarbanes-Oxley Act as well as rules implemented by the SEC and Nasdaq. The SEC and other regulators have continued to adopt new rules and regulations and make additional changes to existing regulations that require our compliance. In July 2010, the Dodd-Frank Wall Street Reform and Consumer Protection Act, or the Dodd-Frank Act, was enacted. There are significant corporate governance and executive compensation related provisions in the Dodd-Frank Act that have required the SEC to adopt additional rules and regulations in these areas. Stockholder activism, the current political environment, and the current high level of government intervention and regulatory reform may lead to substantial new regulations and disclosure obligations, which may lead to additional compliance costs and impact, in ways we cannot currently anticipate, the manner in which we operate our business. Our management and other personnel devote a substantial amount of time to these compliance programs and monitoring of public company reporting obligations and, as a result of the new corporate governance and executive compensation related rules, regulations, and guidelines prompted by the Dodd-Frank Act and further regulations and disclosure obligations expected in the future, we will likely need to devote additional time and costs to comply with such compliance programs and rules. These rules and regulations cause us to incur significant legal and financial compliance costs and make some activities more time-consuming and costly.

 

To comply with the requirements of being a public company, we may need to undertake various activities, including implementing new internal controls and procedures and hiring new accounting or internal audit staff. The Sarbanes-Oxley Act requires that we maintain effective disclosure controls and procedures and internal control over financial reporting. We are continuing to develop and refine our disclosure controls and other procedures that are designed to ensure that information required to be disclosed by us in the reports that we file with the SEC is recorded, processed, summarized and reported within the time periods specified in SEC rules and forms, and that information required to be disclosed in reports under the Exchange Act, is accumulated and communicated to our principal executive and financial officers. Our current controls and any new controls that we develop may become inadequate and weaknesses in our internal control over financial reporting may be discovered in the future.

 

Any failure to develop or maintain effective controls could adversely affect the results of periodic management evaluations and annual independent registered public accounting firm attestation reports regarding the effectiveness of our internal control over financial reporting which we may be required to include in our periodic reports we will file with the SEC under Section 404 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act, harm our operating results, cause us to fail to meet our reporting obligations, or result in a restatement of our prior period financial statements. In the event that we are not able to demonstrate compliance with the Sarbanes-Oxley Act, that our internal control over financial reporting is perceived as inadequate or that we are unable to produce timely or accurate financial statements, investors may lose confidence in our operating results and the price of our common stock could decline. In addition, if we are unable to continue to meet these requirements, we may not be able to remain listed on the Nasdaq Capital Market.

  

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We are not currently required to comply with the SEC rules that implement Section 404 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act, and are therefore not yet required to make a formal assessment of the effectiveness of our internal control over financial reporting for that purpose. However, we are required to comply with certain of these rules, which require management to certify financial and other information in our quarterly and annual reports and provide an annual management report on the effectiveness of our internal control over financial reporting commencing with our next annual report. This assessment will need to include the disclosure of any material weaknesses in our internal control over financial reporting identified by our management or our independent registered public accounting firm. We are just beginning the costly and challenging process of compiling the system and processing documentation needed to comply with such requirements. We may not be able to complete our evaluation, testing and any required remediation in a timely fashion. During the evaluation and testing process, if we identify one or more material weaknesses in our internal control over financial reporting, we will be unable to assert that our internal control over financial reporting is effective.

 

Raising additional capital, including through future sales and issuances of our common stock, the exercise of warrants or the exercise of rights to purchase common stock pursuant to our equity incentive plan could result in additional dilution of the percentage ownership of our stockholders, could cause our share price to fall and could restrict our operations.

 

We expect that significant additional capital will be needed in the future to continue our planned operations, including any potential acquisitions, purchasing of capital equipment, hiring new personnel, and continuing activities as an operating public company. To the extent we seek additional capital through a combination of public and private equity offerings and debt financings, our stockholders may experience substantial dilution. To the extent that we raise additional capital through the sale of equity or convertible debt securities, the ownership interest of our existing stockholders may be diluted, and the terms may include liquidation or other preferences that adversely affect the rights of our stockholders. Debt and receivables financings may be coupled with an equity component, such as warrants to purchase shares of our common stock, which could also result in dilution of our existing stockholders’ ownership. The incurrence of indebtedness would result in increased fixed payment obligations and could also result in certain restrictive covenants, such as limitations on our ability to incur additional debt and other operating restrictions that could adversely impact our ability to conduct our business. A failure to obtain adequate funds may cause us to curtail certain operational activities, including sales and marketing, in order to reduce costs and sustain the business, and would have a material adverse effect on our business and financial condition.

 

Under our 2016 Plan, we may grant equity awards covering up to 1,754,385 shares of our common stock. As of the date of this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q, we had granted options to purchase an aggregate of 360,000 shares of our common stock under the 2016 Plan. We have registered 1,754,385 shares of common stock available for issuance under our 2016 Plan. Sales of shares issued upon exercise of options or granted under our 2016 Plan may result in dilution to our existing stockholders, which could cause our share price to fall.

 

Our issuance of shares of preferred stock could adversely affect the market value of our common stock, dilute the voting power of common stockholders and delay or prevent a change of control.

 

Our board of directors has the authority to cause us to issue, without any further vote or action by the stockholders, up to 5,000,000 shares of preferred stock in one or more series, to designate the number of shares constituting any series, and to fix the rights, preferences, privileges and restrictions thereof, including dividend rights, voting rights, rights and terms of redemption, redemption price or prices and liquidation preferences of such series.

 

The issuance of shares of preferred stock with dividend or conversion rights, liquidation preferences or other economic terms favorable to the holders of preferred stock could adversely affect the market price for our common stock by making an investment in the common stock less attractive. For example, investors in the common stock may not wish to purchase common stock at a price above the conversion price of a series of convertible preferred stock because the holders of the preferred stock would effectively be entitled to purchase common stock at the lower conversion price causing economic dilution to the holders of common stock.

 

Further, the issuance of shares of preferred stock with voting rights may adversely affect the voting power of the holders of our other classes of voting stock either by diluting the voting power of our other classes of voting stock if they vote together as a single class, or by giving the holders of any such preferred stock the right to block an action on which they have a separate class vote even if the action were approved by the holders of our other classes of voting stock. The issuance of shares of preferred stock may also have the effect of delaying, deferring or preventing a change in control of our company without further action by the stockholders, even where stockholders are offered a premium for their shares.

  

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Claims for indemnification by our directors and officers may reduce our available funds to satisfy successful third-party claims against us and may reduce the amount of money available to us.

 

Our certificate of incorporation and bylaws provide that we will indemnify our directors and officers, in each case to the fullest extent permitted by Delaware law. In addition, as permitted by Section 145 of the Delaware General Corporation Law, our bylaws and the indemnification agreements that we have entered into with our directors and officers provide that:

 

  We will indemnify our directors and officers for serving us in those capacities or for serving other business enterprises at our request, to the fullest extent permitted by Delaware law. Delaware law provides that a corporation may indemnify such person if such person acted in good faith and in a manner such person reasonably believed to be in or not opposed to the best interests of the registrant and, with respect to any criminal proceeding, had no reasonable cause to believe such person’s conduct was unlawful.

 

  We may, in our discretion, indemnify employees and agents in those circumstances where indemnification is permitted by applicable law.

 

  We are required to advance expenses, as incurred, to our directors and officers in connection with defending a proceeding, except that such directors or officers shall undertake to repay such advances if it is ultimately determined that such person is not entitled to indemnification.

 

  We will not be obligated pursuant to our bylaws to indemnify a person with respect to proceedings initiated by that person against us or our other indemnitees, except with respect to proceedings authorized by our board of directors or brought to enforce a right to indemnification.

 

  The rights conferred in our bylaws are not exclusive, and we are authorized to enter into indemnification agreements with our directors, officers, employees and agents and to obtain insurance to indemnify such persons.

 

  We may not retroactively amend our bylaw provisions to reduce our indemnification obligations to directors, officers, employees and agents.

 

To the extent that a claim for indemnification is brought by any of our directors or officers, it would reduce the amount of funds available for use in our business.

 

ITEM 2. Unregistered Sales of Equity Securities and Use of Proceeds

 

None.

 

ITEM 3. Defaults Upon Senior Securities

 

Not applicable.

 

ITEM 4. Mine Safety Disclosure.

 

Not applicable.

 

ITEM 5. Other Information

 

None.

 

ITEM 6. Exhibits

 

Reference is made to the exhibits listed on the Index to Exhibits.

  

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INDEX TO EXHIBITS

 

Exhibit
Number
  Description
31.1   Certification Required by Rule 13a-14(a) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended, as Adopted Pursuant to Section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002
31.2   Certification Required by Rule 13a-14(a) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended, as Adopted Pursuant to Section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002
32.1   Certification of Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer Pursuant to 18 U.S.C. Section 1350, as Adopted Pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002
101.INS   XBRL Instance Document
101.SCH   XBRL Taxonomy Extension Schema
101.CAL   XBRL Taxonomy Extension Calculation Linkbase
101.DEF   XBRL Taxonomy Extension Definition Linkbase
101.LAB   XBRL Taxonomy Extension Label Linkbase
101.PRE   XBRL Taxonomy Extension Presentation Linkbase

 

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SIGNATURES

 

Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, the registrant has duly caused this report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned, thereunto duly authorized.

 

Date: August 14, 2019 POLAR POWER, INC.
   
  By: /s/ Arthur D. Sams
    Arthur D. Sams
President, Chief Executive Officer and Secretary

 

 

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